REVIE Check Your Understanding REVI Critical Thinking and Application Questions
ID: 90043 • Letter: R
Question
REVIE Check Your Understanding REVI Critical Thinking and Application Questions 1 Explain how each of the following structures follows its function. a Compact bone b Spongy bone c A long bone 2 A one tumor disrupts the normal of osteons, replacing the organized rings with isorganized, irregular masses structure of a bone to perform d of bone. How will this affect the ability its functions 3 When a surgeon is operating on a bone, great care is taken to preserve the periosteum. Why is it important to bone healing to take care of this delicate structure Introduction to the skeletal system I UNIT 7 i 151Explanation / Answer
1. a. Compact Bone Function :-
Compact bone is a component of all bones which makes up 80 percent of the human skeleton. The function of compact bone is structural support, both for overall body structure and the protection of cancellous bone, which contains marrow.
Spongy Bone Function :-
Spongy bone, also known as cancellous or trabecular bone, provides structural support and facilitates movement of the joints and limbs. Spongy bone is light and porous and found in most parts of the body and in other bones that do not typically endure large volumes of mechanical stress.
Long Bone Function :-
Long bones are mostly located in the appendicular skeleton and include bones in the lower limbs (the tibia, fibula, femur, metatarsals, and phalanges) and bones in the upper limbs (the humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpals, and phalanges). Long bones function to support the weight of the body and facilitate movement.
2. There are several different types of bone tumors. Their names are based on the area of bone or surrounding tissue that is affected and the kind of cells forming the tumor. A primary bone tumor starts in the bone itself. Some primary bone tumors are benign (not cancerous), and others are malignant (cancerous).True (or primary) bone cancers are called sarcomas.
Bone tumor either affects the hard tissue that provides the outer layer of bones or tough connective tissue between bones. As a result bones become very weak and fragile. Thus, bone fracture, bone pain are very common symptoms in bone tumor.
3. Periosteum is a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.It is important to bone healing because new bone is formed from the periosteum. If periosteum gets damage, it can lead to tearing of the connective tissues & development of osteophytes.
4. Symptoms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta :
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disease that causes weak bones that break easily. It is known as brittle bone disease. Symptoms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta are:
5. Calcium does not improve the basic collagen defects that cause (Osteogenesis Imperfecta) OI. Even so, people with OI need to get adequate calcium in their diets to develop peak bone mass and prevent bone loss. Although a person with OI may have lower calcium needs that’s why it is recommended to the people with OI that they should talk to a physician or registered dietitian about their individual calcium needs.
Thus, in case of a person with OI unable to get the appropriate amount of calcium according to their body size and age through their diet, a calcium supplement (calcium salts) may be beneficial.
6. Osteomalacia is a disorder marked by inadequate or defective mineralization of the skeleton, resulting in soft or fragile bones. When the disease occurs in children, it is known as rickets. It typically occurs either when there are insufficient amounts of vitamin D in the diet or, more prcisely, when the body is unable to absorb and metabolize vitamin D properly. Vitamin D is essential for the absorption of the calcium needed to maintain strong, healthy bones. It can also occur with calcium and phosphorus deficiency.
The symptoms of osteomalacia include the following.
If people with osteomalacia have very low levels of calcium in blood, another types of symptoms may be expressed which are:
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