Your last call is to the aid of Professor Purple. Three witnesses are present fr
ID: 88715 • Letter: Y
Question
Your last call is to the aid of Professor Purple. Three witnesses are present from whom to take statements: Witness statements: Mr. Olivers. "I swear that I saw him drink a full glass of water every half an hour today. He kept saying how thirty he was!" Mrs. Blanc. "He must be going to the... well, you know, the little boys" room, two or three times every hour!' Mr. Feather: "He's, been saying lately that his mouth is dry and that he feel. weak. Personally. I think he's just not following a healthy diet! He should he drinking some of my herbal teas!" Based upon the witnesses' statements, what are your initial thought.? Does one hormone come to mind that could produce these effects? You interview Professor Purple and collect blood and urine specimens to be vent off to the lab for analysis. The lab reports that the urine osmolality is 150 mOsm/kg. which mean, the untie is overly dilute (too much water in the urine). The blood osmolality is 300 mOsm/kg, meaning the blood is overly concentrated (too little water in the blood). The lab also report, that ha blood glucose a completely normal. What is the significance of these clues? Based upon the witness statements and the laboratory analysis, what is your final diagnosis?Explanation / Answer
1) The symptoms clearly state that there is a lack of Antidiuretic Hormone (Vasopressin). Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a neurohypophysial hormone found in most mammals. In most species it contains arginine and is thus also called arginine vasopressin (AVP) or argipressin. Primary functions of ADH are to retain water in the body and to constrict blood vessels. It regulates the retention of water in body by acting to increase water reabsorption in the kidney's collecting ducts, the tubules which receive the very dilute urine produced by the functional unit of the kidney, the nephrons.
2) The lab reports indicates that the person is lacking ADH hormone secretion. This ultimately leads to increased osmolarity in blood and increase urine or water volume in urea and thirst.
3) Lack of ADH can lead to Diabetes Insipidus which is a condition showing increased blood sodium concentration, excess urine production or frequent urination and thirst because of frequent water loss and no water retention in kidneys.
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