One way to follow the progress of a titration and detect its equivalence point i

Question

One way to follow the progress of a titration and detect its equivalence point is by monitoring the conductivity of the titration reaction mixture. For example, consider the way the conductivity of a sample of sulfuric acid changes as it is titrated with a standard solution of barium hydroxide before and then after the equivalence point. Write the overall ionic equation for the titration reaction. Remember to indicate the physical states of the reactants and products. Plus signs (+) can be typed from the keyboard. Reaction arrows can be found in the Tools menu of the answer module. Use the left and right arrow keys to move the cursor out of a superscript or subscript in the module.

Explanation / Answer

The overall titration involves reaction of an acid with the given base.

We will start adding base in the sulphuric acid, take in a flask.

so before addition of base

1) H2SO4 (aq)--> 2H+(aq) + SO4-2 (aq) [Conductivity will be high due to presence of H+ ions]

After starting addition of barium hydroxide the follwoing reaction will occur

2) H2SO4 (aq)--> 2H+(aq) + SO4-2 (aq)

Ba(OH)2 --> Ba+2 (aq) + 2OH-(aq)

Overall all

Ba+2 (aq) + 2OH-(aq) + 2H+(aq) + SO4-2 (aq) --> BaSO4 (s) + 2H2O (l)

the conductivity will decrease due to formaiton of solid BaSO4 which is non conducting as comapred to hydroxide and hydronium ions.

The rection will continue till the point of neutralziation

3) after complete neutralization, the sulphuric acid will be exhausted and further addition of Ba(OH)2 will result in the following reaction

Ba(OH)2 --> Ba+2 (aq) + 2OH-(aq)

So the conductivity will again increase due to formation of highly conducting OH- , and will reach a maximum value

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