5.99 Answer the following questions about the conversion of the sucrose (C12H22O

Question

5.99 Answer the following questions about the conversion of the sucrose (C12H22O11) in sugarcane to ethanol (C2H6O) and CO2 according to the following unbalanced equation. In this way sugarcane is used as a renewable source of ethanol, which is used as a fuel additive in gasoline. sucrose ethanol a. What is the molar mass of sucrose? b. Balance the given equation. c. How many moles of ethanol are formed from 2 mol of sucrose? d. How many moles of water are needed to react with 10 mol of sucrose? e. How many grams of ethanol are formed from 0.550 mol of sucrose? f. How many grams of ethanol are formed from 34.2 g of sucrose? g. What is the theoretical yield of ethanol in grams from 17.1 g of sucrose? h. If 1.25 g of ethanol are formed in the reaction in part (g), what is the percent yield of ethanol?

Explanation / Answer

a) molar mass of sucrose 342 g/mol

calculation : C12H22O11 = 12 x 12 + 22 x 1 + 11 x 16 =342g/mol

b) balanced equation: C12H22O11 (s) + H2O (l) ------------------> 4C2H5OH (l) + 4CO2 (g)

c) answer : 8 moles ethanol

1mole sucrose =4 moles of ethanol

    2 mole sucrose = 8 moles of ethanol

d) answer: 10 mole water

1 mole sucrose =1 mole of water

     10 mole sucrose = 10 mole of water

e) answer : 101.2 g ethanol

1 mole of sucrose = 4 mole of ethyl alcohol

                             = 4 x 46 g of ethyl alcohol

                             = 184 g of ethyl alcohol

so

1 mole sucrose = 184 g of ethyl alcohol

0.550 mol sucrose = ??

weight of ethyl alcohol = 0.550 x 184 /1

                                      =101.2 g

f) answer : 18.4g

342 g sucrose = 184 g of ethanol

34.2 g sucrose =18.4 g of ethanol

g) answer : theoretical yield of ethanol 9.2 g

342 g sucrose = 184 g ethanol

17.1 g sucrose = ??

theoretical yield of ethanol = 184 x 17.1 /342

                                           = 9.2g

h) answer: percent yield = 13.58%

percent yield = (actual /theoretical ) x 100

                     = (1.25 /9.2) x 100

                     =13.58%

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