36 The concordance rate for non-heterosexuality in identical twins is approximat

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36 The concordance rate for non-heterosexuality in identical twins is approximately 30% (i.e. if one twin is non-heterosexual, there is a 30% chance that the other twin is also non-heterosexual), while the concordance rate for fraternal twins is 8%. What does this suggest about the factors affecting the development of sexual orientation?

Select one:

a. Genetic factors alone determine sexual orientation.

b. Genetic factors contribute to determining sexual orientation, but they are not the only contributing factors

c. Social factors alone determine sexual orientation.

Question 37

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37 What have studies of birth order shown with regard to sexual orientation?

Select one:

a. Later born sons are more likely to identify as g ay than first born sons

b. Later born sons are exposed to higher levels of maternal testosterone than first born sons

c. Women who have older brothers are likely exposed to more testosterone during gestation than first born women and are more likely to identify as lesbians than firstborn women

d. Just being raised with younger male siblings, regardless of whether or not they are biologically related, increases the likelihood that first born sons will identify themselves as g ay

Question 38

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38 How would a prenatal injection of testosterone affect the sexual behavior of a female rat?

Select one:

a. Female rats injected with testosterone early in development are more likely to be asexual as adults, displaying neither male nor female patterns of copulation very frequently.

b. It would have no effect on the sexual behavior of the rat when it becomes an adult.

c. The injection would affect the development of their genitalia, but not their behavior.

d. Female rats injected with testosterone early in development are more likely to display male patterns copulation (i.e. be sexually attracted to female rats) as adults.

Question 39

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39 You meet a person who is chromosomally XY, has a male body, but identifies psychologically as a woman. Based on the information above, which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?

Select one:

a. This person probably has androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)

b. This person probably self-identifies as a lesbian

c. This person probably self-identifies as a transgender woman

d. This person probably self-identifies as bisexual

Question 40

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40 Which of the following is generally characteristic of chromosomally male humans with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)?

Select one:

a. They have ovaries

b. They have a female gender identity

c. They have abnormally low testosterone levels

d. They have a p enis and a c litoris

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

36) The concordance rate for non-heterosexuality in identical twins is approximately 30% (i.e. if one twin is non-heterosexual, there is a 30% chance that the other twin is also non-heterosexual), while the concordance rate for fraternal twins is 8%. What does this suggest about the factors affecting the development of sexual orientation?

a. Genetic factors alone determine sexual orientation.

b. Genetic factors contribute to determining sexual orientation, but they are not the only contributing factors - Correct Answer (Sexual orientation involves a complex interplay of not only genetic elements but environmental factors also)

c. Social factors alone determine sexual orientation.

37) What have studies of birth order shown with regard to sexual orientation?

a. Later born sons are more likely to identify as g ay than first born sons - Correct (As per fraternal birth order effect, later fraternal birth order correlates well with homosexuality in male due to progressive immunization of mother's to male specific antigens and a man's odds of having a homosexual orientation increases by 28–48% with each older brother)

b. Later born sons are exposed to higher levels of maternal testosterone than first born sons

c. Women who have older brothers are likely exposed to more testosterone during gestation than first born women and are more likely to identify as lesbians than firstborn women

d. Just being raised with younger male siblings, regardless of whether or not they are biologically related, increases the likelihood that first born sons will identify themselves as g ay

38) How would a prenatal injection of testosterone affect the sexual behavior of a female rat?

a. Female rats injected with testosterone early in development are more likely to be asexual as adults, displaying neither male nor female patterns of copulation very frequently.

b. It would have no effect on the sexual behavior of the rat when it becomes an adult.

c. The injection would affect the development of their genitalia, but not their behavior.

d. Female rats injected with testosterone early in development are more likely to display male patterns copulation (i.e. be sexually attracted to female rats) as adults.

39) You meet a person who is chromosomally XY, has a male body, but identifies psychologically as a woman. Based on the information above, which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?

a. This person probably has androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)

b. This person probably self-identifies as a lesbian

c. This person probably self-identifies as a transgender woman

d. This person probably self-identifies as bisexual

40) Which of the following is generally characteristic of chromosomally male humans with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS)?

a. They have ovaries

b. They have a female gender identity - Correct

c. They have abnormally low testosterone levels

d. They have a p enis and a c litoris

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