Question
During his voyage on the Beagle, Charles Darwin made many observations a. in England. b. in North America. c. on the Galapagos Islands. d. in Asia. On the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed a. completely unrelated species on each of the islands. b. species exactly like those found in South America. c. somewhat similar species, with traits that suited their particular environments. d. species completely unrelated to those found in South America. The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on the Galapagos Islands displayed different structural adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the a. similarities of the birds' embryos. b. birds' different-shaped beaks. c. length of the birds' necks. d. number of eggs each bird's nest One scientist who attempted to explain how rock layers form and change over time was a. Thomas Malthus. b, James Hutton. c. Charles Darwin. d. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. James Hutton's and Charles Lyell's work was important to Darwin because these scientists a. explained volcanoes and earthquakes. b. explained all geologic events on Earth. c. suggested that Earth was old enough for evolution to have occurred. d. refuted the work of Lamarck, which was based on misunderstandings. What did Charles Darwin learn from reading the work of James Hutton and Charles Lyell? a. Earth is relatively young. b. Earth is very old c. All geological change is caused by living organisms d. he processes that formed old rocks on Earth do not operate today. In 1859, Charles Darwin published his revolutionary scientific ideas in a work titled a. Principles of Geology. b. Essay on the Principle of Population. c. Evolution in Malaysia. d. On the Origin of Species. Why might Darwin have hesitated to publish his concept of evolution by natural selection? a. He realized it was not supported by his data. b. He felt it was too similar to Lamarck's to be considered original. c. He was disturbed by his findings, which challenged fundamental scientific beliefs. d. He realized that his idea was contradicted by the work of Hutton and Lyell. Charles Darwin's observation that finches of different species on the Galapagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches a. have the ability to interbreed. b. acquired traits through use and disuse. c. all eat the same type of food. d. descended from a common ancestor.
Explanation / Answer
Answer 1: c (As explained below)
As per records, Charles Darwin sailed on the Beagle on to find the Galapagos Islands.
Answer 2: c (As explained below)
He noticed similar species having different adaptations.
Answer 3: b (As explained below)
He noticed that the birds had different beaks in different parts of the island.
Answer 4: b (As explained below)
Hutton described geological change citing that rocks on earth formed slowly.
Answer 5: c (As explained below)
As mentioned above, Hutton described geological change citing that rocks on earth formed slowly while Lyell explained geological change proposing that the earth had enough time to change.
Answer 6: b (As explained below)
As mentioned above, both scientists had advocated in their works that the earth was very old.
Answer 7: d (As explained below)
Darwin did not publish the book for two decades after returning form Galapagos because he feared public reaction. he did so only after Alfred R. Wallace shared ideas on evolution in his essay in 1858. Darwin published the book in 1859.
Answer 8: c (As explained in previous answer)
Answer 9: d (As explained below)
Darwin noticed that though it evolved to adapt over time to live longer, each of the species had the same ancestor. He saw that all species are closely related and evolved from one another
