A century ago, sodium bicarbonate was prepared from sodium sulfate via a three-s

Question

A century ago, sodium bicarbonate was prepared from sodium sulfate via a three-step process: solid sodium sulfate was mixed with solid carbon to form solid sodium sulfide and carbon monoxide gas. The sodium sulfide was then combined with solid calcium carbonate to give solid calcium sulfide and solid sodium carbonate. The sodium carbonate was finally mixed with water and carbon dioxide gas to give solid sodium bicarbonate.

a. Write and balance the equations for the three reactions.

b. How many kilograms of sodium bicarbonate could be formed from 1.00kg of sodium sulfate?

c. How many kilograms of sodium bicarbonate could be formed from 1.00 kg of sodium sulfate if there was only an 80% yield at each step?

d. If you react 10.0 g of sodium sulfate with 10.0 g of carbon, which reagent is the limiting reagent?

e. How much sodium sulfide is produced (in grams) from the reagents in part (d.)?

f. If you used the amount of sodium sulfide from part (e.) and mixed it with 10.0 g of calcium carbonate, which reagent is limiting and how much calcium sulfide is produced?

Explanation / Answer

a. Na2SO4(s) + 4C(s) --> Na2S(s) + 4CO(g)

Na2S(s) + CaCO3(s) --> CaS(s) + Na2CO3(S)

Na2CO3(S) + H2O(L) + CO2(g) --> 2NaHCO3(s)

b.
No of moles of Na2so4 = 1000/142.04 = 7.04 mole

no of moles of NaHCO3 = 7.04*2 = 14.08 mole

mass of NaHCO3 in kg = 14.08*84.007 = 1182.82 grams. = 1.183 kg.

c.
No of moles of Na2so4 = 1000/142.04 = 7.04 mole

in step 1 80% yield = 5.632 mole Na2S
step 2 80% yield = 4.5056 mole Na2CO3
step 3 80% yield = 2*3.60448 mole NaHCO3 = 7.20896 mole NaHCO3

mass of NaHCO3 in kg = 7.20896*84.007 = 605.60310272 grams = 0.6056 kg

d. no of moles of Na2so4 = 10/142.04 = 0.07 mole

no of moles of c = 10/12 = 0.833 mole

limiting reagent is Na2So4

e. mass of Na2s = 0.07 *78.0452 = 5.463 grams

f. no of moles of Na2S = 0.07 mole

no of moles of CaCo3 = 10/100.0869 = 0.1 mole

limiting reagent - Na2S

mass of CaS = 0.07* 72.143 = 5.05001 grams.

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