At the particle level, the ENTROPY of a SYSTEM can be defined in two particular

Question

At the particle level, the ENTROPY of a SYSTEM can be defined in two particular ways: RANDOMNESS OF POSITION: the extent of randomness of the positions of particles, and how far the particles can spread out in a volume. (More options of physical arrangement signify greater entropy.) Entropy increases with the number of particles (or moles of particles) in a container More independently moving particles correspond to more possible arrangements More microstates/greater disorder Entropy increases with the volume particles occupy o Intermolecular Attractions: The fewer intermolecular attractions, the greater the volume they occupy: s

Explanation / Answer

Number 1, to 7, from top to bottom:

Q1.

CaCO3(s) --> CaO(s) + CO2(g)

since gas is formed, entropy must increase

Rule i

Q2.

NaCl(s) --> Na+ + Cl-

a solid lattice crystal which is pretty ordered forms various aqueous solutions, so this increases entropy

rule i was applied

Q3.

2SO2 + O2 = 2SO3

3 mol of gases form 2 mol of gases, therefore, system gets ordered, entropy decreases

rule i is applied

Q4.

C2H4(g) + H2(g) = C2H6(g)

2 mol of gases form 1mol of gases, therefore, system gets ordered, entropy decreases

rule i is applied

Q5.

The entropy increases, since 2 gases are aordered ( i.e. orange + red sides) then they get mixed, so this is chaotic, now entopy increases

apply rule III

Q6.

1 mol of gas form 2 mol fo aqueous solution

gas is much more chaotic than aqueous solution, choose decrease in entropy

rules i is applied

Q7.

2 mol fo gas form 2 mol of gas

then, HI is much more chaotic than ordered H2 and I2 molecules, so entropy increazes, apply rule ii

B)

The reaction is clearly exothermic, since plenty of bonds are formed AND plenty of oxidation states are formed, i.e. CO2 and H2O

Also note that Nitrglcyerin is explosive, meaning that this is once again exothermic

Choose

The products occupy a greater volume (penty of mol of gases)

There are more moles of gaseous products than reactants

Mass is conserved, so the las option cant be choosen

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