If the codon AAA in an mRNA is changed to GAA, which of the following statements

Question

If the codon AAA in an mRNA is changed to GAA, which of the following statements is TRUE (use the genetic code table provided)?

This change in the base sequence has no effect on the protein because both codons encode Lys.

This is a mis-sense mutation because Gly is inserted into the peptide instead of Lys.

This is a mis-sense mutation because Glu is inserted into the protein instead of Lys.

This is a frame-shift mutation.

This is a non-sense mutation because the R groups of Glu and Lys have significantly different properties.

This change in the base sequence has no effect on the protein because both codons encode Lys.

Standard Genetic Code Second position First position (5' end) | U G U UCU Ser UAU Tyr UGU Cys UCC Ser UAC Tyr UGC Cys UCA Ser UGA Stop UUG Leu UCG Ser UAG Stop UGG Trp C CCU Pro CAU His CGU Arg CUC Leu CCC Pro CAC His CGC Arg CUA Leu CAA Gln CGA, Arg CUG Leu CCG Pro CAG Gln CGG Arg A AUU Ile ACU Thr | AAU Asn ACC Thr | AAC Asn AUC Ile AGC Ser AUA Ile ACA Thr AAA Lys AGA Arg AUG Met ACG Thr AAG Lys AGG Arg G GUU Val GCU Ala | GAU Asp GGU Gly GUC Val GCC Ala GAC Asp GGC Gly GUA Val GCA Ala GAA Glu GGA Gly GUG Val GCG Ala GAG Glu GGG Gly Ty ! As His AAAA-AAAA AAAA -A Ser Ser Ser Pro Pro Pro Pro Thr Thr Thr Thr Ala Ala Ala Ala eeuu CAG CAG CAG CAG

Explanation / Answer

The codon AAA codes for lysine (Lys) and the codon GAA codes for glutamic acid (Glu). In missense mutation, point mutation of a single nucleotide results in substitution of a different aminoacid. Nonsense mutation results in premature stop codon and frameshift mutation shifts the way in which DNA sequence is read. So, the answer for this question is this is a mis-sene mutation because Glu is inserted into the protein instead of Lys.

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