1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney or 1 the urinary syste
ID: 83765 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney or 1 the urinary system? O contribute to the regulation of blood pH O contribute to the regulation of blood osmolarity O secretion of erythropoietin (EPO) O secretion of renin O None of th above. In other words, these are ALLfunctions ofthe urinary system 2. Which of the following components of blood are normally found in glomerular filtrate? O A. nutrients, such as amino acids and glucose O B. wastes, such as creatinine and urea O c. electrolytes, such as Na+ and K+ Q D. large proteins, such as albumin and fibrinogen O Both A and B O A B, and c are found in glomerular filtrate O All of the above are found in glomerular fltrate O None of the above are found in glomerular filtrateExplanation / Answer
Answer 1: None of the above. (As explained below)
Kidneys play an important role in osmoregulation by regulating the amount of water reabsorbed from glomerular filtrate in kidney tubules. They also play a role in the regulation of pH by regulating the amount of bicarbonate ions. The kidney produces and secretes erythropoietin under hypoxic conditions to increase the production of RBCs. Renin is secreted from juxtaglomerular kidney cells. Since all first four options are correct, our choice is None of the above.
Answer 2: D. large proteins, such as albumin and fibrinogen. (As explained below)
Glucose, Sodium, Urea and Bicarbonate ion all normally appear in the glomerular filtrate. Occurrence of plasma proteins in glomerular filtrate is abnormal.
Answer 3: An increase in osmotic force due to plasma proteins. (As explained below)
Increase in the hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries increases the GFR. The osmotic force is the opposing force to hydrostatic pressure and it increase in it will decrease the GFR.
Answer 4: C. Sodium-potassium pumps contribute to the tubular reabsorption of glucose and Na+. (Self-explanatory and more clear in the explanation of the next answer)
Answer 5: E. Both A and B. (As explained below)
Failure of the sodium potassium pump will lead to a lack of glucose delivery to the cells. This is basically the result of decrease in the reabsorption of glucose. At the same time, Sodium will tend to stay within the cells. That is the result of increase in reabsorption of sodium.
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