33, which valve(s) prevent(s) regurgitation of blood from a ventricle to an atri
ID: 83352 • Letter: 3
Question
33, which valve(s) prevent(s) regurgitation of blood from a ventricle to an atrium? Tricuspid b, Mitral d. Both a and b 34. Choose a correct sequence of blood flow during one pass the heart and lungs (some steps may have been omitted) a. Right atrium bicuspid valve pulmonary vein b. Aortic valve ght ventricle lung Lung left atrium pulmonary artery d. Right ventricle bicuspid valve aortic 35. Which is the normal sequence of the spread of cardiac excitation? I. AV node 2, SA node 3. Atria. 4. Purkinje fibers 5. Bundle of His 6. ventricular myocardium a, 2, 3 5, 4, 6 b. 3, 2, I, 4, 5, 6 c, 2, 3, 1, 4, 5, 6 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 36. The cardiac output is equal to a. (EDV ESV) x HR. b. Heart rate x EDV c. The difference between the stroke volume at rest and the stroke volume during exercise d. The stroke volume minus the ESV 37. Mean arterial pressure is: a. Diastolic pressure (systolic13) b. Systolic pressure (pulse pressure/3) c. Diastolic pressure d. Pulse pressure (diastolic pressure/3) 38. The largest total cross-sectional area is found in the b, Arterioles d. Venules 39. Pulmonary surfactant a. Is secreted by Type II alveolar cells b. Decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli c. Resists elastic recoil of the lungs d. Is a combination of lipids and proteins e. Has all of the above characteristics 40. Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys? Excreting metabolic wastes b. Maintaining proper plasma volume c. Secreting aldosterone to regulate sodium d. Maintaining proper osmolarity of body fluids 41. The functional unit of the kidney is the a. Glomerulus b. Nephron Medulla d. Pyramid 42. The specialized nephron capillary bed where filtration occurs is the a. Afferent arteriole b. Efferent arteriole c, Glomerulus d. Peritubular bed 43. Below is a listing of nephron components and associated structures. l. Descending limb of loop of Henle 2. Bowman's capsule 3. Collecting tubule 4. Ascending limb of loop of Henle 5. Distal tubule Proximal tubule Indicate the correct flow of filtrate through these 4, 6, 5, 3, 2, b, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5, 3 c. 2, 5, 6, 3, 1,4 3, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5 44. Tubular reabsorption involves a. Active transport c, Passive transport d. Countertransport all of the above 45. Which of the following is reabsorbed by the proximal tubule? a. Sodium. b, Amino acids c. Glucose d. All of the above 46. Aldosterone secretion a. occurs in the kidney b. Is stimulated by angiotensin Il c. Is controlled by the concentration of Cl d. Increases due to a higher-than-normal Nat concentration in the blood 47. The largest percentage of water is located in w "compartment"? a. Synovial fluids b. Plasma c. Interstitial fluids d. Intracellular fluidsExplanation / Answer
Answer 33. The correct answer is b) Mitral Valve
Justification: The roles of different valves are as follows:
Answer 34. The correct answer is d)
Right Ventricle ---> Bicuspid Valve ---> Aortic valve
Justification:
The flow of blood from heart to lungs is as follows:
Right Atrium ---> Tricuspid Valve ---> Right Ventricle ---> Pulmonary Semilunar Valve ---> Pulmonary Artery ---> Lungs ---> Pulmonary Vein ---> Left Atrium ---> Bicuspid Valve ---> Left Ventricle ---> Aortic valve ---> Semilunar Valve ---> Aorta
Option 1 is incorrect: Right Atrium ---> Pulmonary Vein ---> Bicuspid Valve
Option 2 is incorrect: Right Ventricle ---> Lungs ---> Aortic valve
Option 3 is incorrect: Pulmonary Artery ---> Lungs ---> Left Atrium
Answer 35. The correct answer is a)
Order is 2, 3, 1, 5, 4, 6
Justification:
The order of cardiac excitation is
SA node => Atrial muscles => AV node => bundle of His => Purkinje fibers => ventricular myocardium
Answer 36. The correct answer is a) (EDV - ESV) x HR
Justification: Cardiac output = stroke volume X heart rate
Also, Stroke volume = end diastolic volume – end systolic volume
Hence, Cardiac output = (end diastolic volume – end systolic volume) X heart rate
Answer 37. The correct answer is c) diastolic pressure + (pulse pressure/3)
Justification: mean arterial pressure can be calculated by adding one-third of the pulse pressure to the diastolic pressure.
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