1. To repair problems caused by peptic ulcers, you have a portion of your stomac

Question

1. To repair problems caused by peptic ulcers, you have a portion of your stomach removed. When the operation is completed, your new stomach has a volume that is approximately half of the previous volume. What adjustments might you have to make in your diet or eating habits because of this operation? List two examples of changes you would make and explain why for each.

2. Why does exchange of gases in circulatory system occur at the capillaries and nowhere else?

3. The level of musculature in various organs is directly related to the amount of work done by that organ or organ part. Give two examples of organ systems where this difference in musculature is evident in your dissection rat, pointing to which organs are different. Explain the advantage of the difference for each within their respective organ systems.

4. Where is the pancreas located? How is the location of the pancreas related to its function?

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

1. The surgical process of removing a part of the stomach is known as antrectomy, which is performed to treat several disorders of the digestive system like peptic ulcers.

Aftercare following an antrectomy is careful attention to diet and eating habits. About 30% of patients who have had an antrectomy or a full gastrectomy develop what is known as dumping syndrome. Dumping syndrome results from food leaving the stomach too quickly after a meal and being "dumped" into the small intestine.

There are two types of dumping syndrome, early and late. Early dumping occurs 10–20 minutes after meals and is characterized by feelings of nausea, lightheadedness, sweating, heart palpitations, rapid heartbeat, and abdominal cramps. Late dumping occurs one to three hours after meals high in carbohydrates and is accompanied by feelings of weakness, hunger, and mental confusion.

Most patients are able to manage dumping syndrome by:

i. eating six small meals per day rather than three larger ones

ii. by choosing foods that are high in protein and low in carbohydrate

iii. by chewing the food thoroughly, and

iv. by drinking fluids between rather than with meals.

(Since there are more than 1 question, the first full question have been answered according to the rules of Chegg)

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