Leaving aside the white patches of fur, what percent of the pigmented fur is bla

Question

Leaving aside the white patches of fur, what percent of the pigmented fur is black in a female cat that is the homozygous for the Orange mutation? Leaving aside the white patches of fur, what percent of the pigmented fur is black in a normal male cat whose maternal X carries the orange mutation? 1 out of 200 men in the world, or 16 million men, are descended from Genghis Khan, the Mongolian ruler who died in 1227. How was this traced? patrillineal transfer of the Y chromosome: STR analysis of multiple loci on the Y chromosome. matrillineal transfer of the Y chromosome; STR analysis of multiple loci on the Y chromosome. matrillineal transfer of mitochondrial DNA: sequencing patrillineal transfer of the X chromosome; STR analysis of multiple loci on the X chromosome. When Tsar Nicolas visited Japan as a young man, he was slashed with a sword. His bloody shirt was preserved. Mitochondrial DNA was extracted from a sample of the bloodstains, PCR amplified and sequenced What mitochondrial sample would the mitochondrial DNA sample from the shirt be most similar to, in terms of the ratio of CT nucleotides at position 16, 169? hypothetical skeletal remains of Tsar Nicholas II known remains of Prince Georgii, brother of Tsar Nicholas II Louise of Hesse-Cassel great-great grandson of Louise of Hesse-Cassel great-great-great grand-daughter of Louise of Hesse-Cassel Cutaneous mast cell tumors are one of the most common neoplasms in dogs (7-21% of all cutaneous neoplasms) and are often aggressive resulting in death. Most of the mutations are in- frame duplications and deletions in the region of the cytoplasmic tail of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) c-kit next to the membrane which activate the tyrosine kinase in the cytoplasmic tail of c-kit, and result in constitutively phosphorylated c-kit in the absence of its ligand SCF and activation of the signal cascade leading to cancerous cell growth and division. Both SCF and the RTK inhibitor toceranib phosphate have a Kd of 1 nM. How would you treat these animals? SCF final concentration of 10 nM in plasma SCF final concentration of 10 pM in plasma SCF final concentration of 10 mM in plasma toceranib phosphate final concentration of 10 mM in plasma toceranib phosphate final concentration of 10 nM in plasma toceranib phosphate inal concentration of 10 pM in plasma

Explanation / Answer

33. Let's take B allele for orange colour and b allele for black colour.

A calico female can have three types of genotypes - XBXB , XbXb and XBXb . XBXB genotype will produce orange female, XbXb will  produce a black female and XBXb genotype will produce a calico female with orange and black patches. A calico cat heterozygous for orange mutation (XBXb ) will have both the orange gene and the black gene in two X chromosomes. In female cat, random inactivation of one X chromosome occurs in each cell. That means, in one cell if the black gene carrying X chromosome is inactivated ,then in another it will be orange colour coding gene. In that case there may be 50% black fur in that female cat if the two types of X chromosomes are inactivated equally or as the process is random,the percentage of black fur may be less than 50% or more out of the total amount of black and orange fur.

35. Males get their single X chromosome from their mother. The genes present on the X chromosome do not have any allele on the Y chromosome. So, males express the gene they get from their mother. Hence, if the mother carries only orange gene on her X chromosome i.e. homozygous. then all the male cats will be orange. No black fur will be found in such males. But if the mother is heterozygous, then the male will be either fully black or fully orange depending upon which X chromosome it inherits from the mother.

34. The female is homozygous for the orange mutation. It means they have only orange gene in their two X chromosomes and no black gene. In that case no black fur will be found in the female i.e. the percentage of black fur will be 0.

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