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In case you need a refresher (again): The black squares are the original strains

ID: 82042 • Letter: I

Question

In case you need a refresher (again): The black squares are the original strains growing in the absence of antibiotics. The white squares are the original resistant mutants growing in presence of antibiotic. The circles above the E treatment are replicates of the original Ab resistant mutants that were allowed to evolve in the absence of antibiotics and then were assayed on plates with (open circles) and without (closed circles) antibiotics. Finally, the circles above the E+M treatment are replicates of the original resistant mutants that were allowed to evolve in the presence of antibiotic and then assayed on plates with (open circles) and without (closed circles) antibiotics.
These data (above) show that mutations causing Ab-resistant bacteria to lose resistance (and become sensitive)... * are random, because they were observed randomly across experimental treatments. are rare, because mutations that led to the loss of Abresistance were observed in a minority of the mutant strains. are caused by the presence of antibiotics, because they were only observed in strains that evolved in the presence of antibiotics are favored by selection in environments that lack antibiotics, because they were only observed in mutant strains that evolved in the absence of Ab. 0.8 0.6 0.4- 0.2- (2) (1) REE+M RE E+M RE E+M RE E+M H594Y F596L WV630-631L w443R ee... OOO qu 000 -E 3 000 E-59 O e DOO E-4 00 000 /5d-u 80 qE ajeu upwOJ6 angela

Explanation / Answer

Ans is D. The mutations favouring loss of resistance in previously resistant organisms is favoured by environments that lack antibiotics. This process is based on the "use it or lose it" principle. When selective pressure of the antibiotic is removed, the bacteria can revert to sensitive state from being resistant earlier.

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