True or False: All of the following Predict the success of a species invasion. A

Question

True or False: All of the following Predict the success of a species invasion.

A) A species may escape natural enemies from its home range when introduced to a novel environment.

B) Hybridization with closely related species can provide an influx of adaptive genetic diversity to the invader

C) A species invading a more diverse native community is more likely to be successful than a species invading a less diverse native community

D) A species with more introduction events is more likely to successfully establish than a species with fewer introduction events.

Explanation / Answer

True or False: All of the following Predict the success of a species invasion. All the below points predict the success of a species invasion. However, each point/theory is contradicted by an equally supporting theory

A) A species may escape natural enemies from its home range when introduced to a novel environment. - TRUE (Explanation: As per the enemy release hypothesis, enemies typical to the native range of the species may not be present in the new site making them free to grow optimally without limiting the interactions with other enemies. Contradiction: It can be contradicted by the assumption that the introduced environment may contain certain enemies to the introduced species which may or maynot be present in its native environment.)

B) Hybridization with closely related species can provide an influx of adaptive genetic diversity to the invader - TRUE (Explanation: Through the concept of "enemy release", a new species when released into a new environment, due to less pressure from the enemies, turns its focus into enhancing its growth and reproductive potential leading to hybridisation. It acquires the capacity to enhance its invasiveness through hybridisation with closely related species in the newer habitat. Contradiction:  This theory can be contradicted by stating that not all invaders gain adaptive potential from the new environments and adaptive genetic diversity is based on many other factors.)

C) A species invading a more diverse native community is more likely to be successful than a species invading a less diverse native community - FALSE (Explanation: According to diversity hypothesis, an environment with highly diverse species is more resistant to invasion when compared to the less diversified species. this may be due to (a). complete utilisation of the resources in the environment with highly diversified species leaving less potential for the invasive species or (b). the ability of the more diversified environment making them well prepared to combat the invasive species. Contradiction: Evidence indicates that diversity is one of the many factors which effect the invasibility of a site and it is not the definitive barrier to invasion. The differences in the scale of diversity also influence the invasibility of a species)

D) A species with more introduction events is more likely to successfully establish than a species with fewer introduction events. - TRUE (Explanation: An increase in the number of introductions will increase the probability of invasion thereby establishing a species successfully to the environment. Introduction events may also reduece the intrinsic resistance of a site to invasion)

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