#1-5 CAUSATIVE ORGANISM: Pneumovirus (NO SLIDE AVAILABLE) Category: (i.e. bacter
ID: 81064 • Letter: #
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#1-5
CAUSATIVE ORGANISM: Pneumovirus (NO SLIDE AVAILABLE) Category: (i.e. bacteria, fungi, protozoa, virus) Gram Rxs if bacteria: (if not bacteria, indicate Not Applicable) Unique/key characteristics: (i.e. capsule, cysts, endospores, AND key morphological information) DISEASE(s): (Use technically accurate name & if applicable common name) Specifics regarding transmission mechanism (i.e. vehicle, vector, any relevant info) SIGNS & SYMPTOMS: (specify if differences between male & female symptoms; any key age groups affected) TREATMENT (specify drugs used; any key factors in successful treatment; any resistance issues; cure rate; age differences) PREVENTION: (include if vaccine or not & who to be vaccinated; specific precautions to prevent contracting/spreading)Explanation / Answer
Pneumovirus is an enveloped spherical virus with diameter from about 150 nm. It belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae and sub family Pneumovirinae.
Characteristics: its RNA surrounded by a helical nucleocapsid which inturn surrounded by envelope of pleomorphic structure. Linear ss Rna encodes for 10 viral proteins. It has neither heamagglutinin and neuraminidase activity.
Disease: It initiates localised infectiin in upper or lower resp.tract or both. Infection is generally cofined to the epithelium of upper respiratory tract, but may involve lower respiratory tract. Most important clinical symptoms include Bronchiolitis, pneumonia in infants, tracheobronchitis in young adults, and pneumonua in elderly.
The virus is transmitted by direct person- to- person contactvand by airborne route through droplet spread. Introduced to families by school children. Secondary infection to siblings and parents. It readily infects infants. Attack rates similar in both males and females.
Symptoms: common cold, cough, runny nose, sore throat and fever are mild symptoms. More severe illness include symptomd like wheezing, difficulty breathi g, hoarseness, pnemonia, and in adults aggravatiin of asthma. Almost all children are infected by age 4. Patients who are < 6 mo, elderly , immunocompromised and those with underlying cardiopulmonary disorders develop severe disease.
Treatment: No specific antiviral therspy. supportive treatment for patient varies with severity of the illness but generally treatment consists of fever reducerd, antihistamines, breathing treatments.
Prevention: contact precautions are important particularly in hospitals. Covering mouth, nose with tissue when coughing and sneezing and prompt disposal of used tissues etc. Avoid sharing cups, utensils and refrain from kissing others. Vaccine yet to be developed. Keeping the patient away from workplace or school and giving plenty of rest ( along with treatment) controls the disease.
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