ooooo T-Mobile Wi-Fi F 8:52 AM 76% sdccd.blackboard.com Extra credit points The
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ooooo T-Mobile Wi-Fi F 8:52 AM 76% sdccd.blackboard.com Extra credit points The Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Name Using the sides and audio recording form the seminar,and whatever online resouroesvou mayneed, answer the following questions Answering these questions correctly wilbe worth5 points ofertra credit and is only available to those who did not attend the seminar on April 25 1.What is a tumor suppressor gene and how is a tumor suppressorgene involved in cancer? 2. What is DNA methylation 3.What reaction is normalv catalyzed by the enzyme isoottate dehydrogenaie 4. Of the mutant enrymes studied, which produces the mout2 hydro glutarate 24HGIP 5.What is the effect on a cell that overproduces 2 hydroVElutarate?Explanation / Answer
Q1:Tumor supressor genes are those genes for which a loss of function or a mutation creates the cancer.So, tumor supressor genes inhibit the chances of a cell to become cancerous but their mutation leads to cancer. This implies that tumor suporessor genes supress the oncogenes.
Q2:In eukaryotes, DNA methyalation occurs in cytosine residues specific for CpG sequence.This methylation is catalyzed by the enzyme DNA methyl transferases.DNA methylation is an important heritable epigenetic modification of the genome and is involved in the gene regulation.The regions of genome with a higher number of methylated cytosines is transcriptionally inactive.The abscence of DNA methylation thus is a prerequisite for transcriptionally active regions.In bacteria both adenine and cytosine can be methylated. The main function of DNA methylation in bacteria is to provide protection from own restriction endonucleases. It also plays an important role in the mismatch repair.
Q3:Normally isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of isocitrate into alpha keto glutarate in Krebs cycle.The byproducts formed in the reaction are CO2 and NADH.
Q4: Mutant form of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) produces 2 hydroxyglutarate upon oxidation of isocitrate.
Q5: Overproduction of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG),generated by mutant IDH1/2, is structurally similar to alpha ketoglutarate leads to epigenetic alterations and cancer.
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