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A buffer solution is prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.300 M NH3 with 50.0 mL of 0

ID: 794440 • Letter: A

Question

A buffer solution is prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.300 M NH3 with 50.0 mL of 0.300 M NH4Cl. the pKb is 4.74.


a) Calculate the [NH3] and [H4Cl] in the buffer solution. Calculate the pH of the buffer solution.


b) 7.50 mL of 0.125 M HCl is added to the 100.0 mL of the buffer solution. Calculate the new [NH3] and [NH4Cl] for the buffer solution. Calculate the new pH of the solution


c) 7.50 mL of 0.125 M NaOH is added to the 100.0 mL of the buffer solution. Calculate the new [NH3] and [NH4Cl] for the buffer solution. Calculate the new pH of the solution.


***Please give a thorough step-by-step solution for each part. Please include all units in your work so I can keep track of what everything is measured in! Thanks!***

Explanation / Answer

pOH=pKb+log[salt]/[base]

equation can be written in terms of no. of moles

pOH = pKb + log[no.of moles of salt/ no.of moles of base]


a)

[NH3]=50*0.3=15

[NH4Cl]=50*0.3=15

pH=14-pOh=14-4.74=9.26


b) [HCl]=7.5*0.125=0.9

by the addition of 0.9 moles of HCl, the same amount of NH3 will be neutralised.

therefore,

[NH3]=14.1

[NH4Cl]=15.9

pH=14-4.74-log(15.9/14.1)=9.23


c) [NaOH] = 7.5*0.125=0.9

by the addition of 0.9 moles of NaOH, the same amount of OH- concentration will be increased.

therefore,

[NH3] = 15.9

[NH4Cl] = 14.1

pH=14-4.74-log(14.1/15.9) = 9.31