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1. 1. The equation for the combustion of ethanol in air is: C 2 H 5 OH(l) + 3O 2

ID: 77801 • Letter: 1

Question

1. 1. The equation for the combustion of ethanol in air is:

C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) %u21922CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)

Calculate the enthalpy change for this reaction using the average bond enthalpy values given in the table.


Bond

Average bond enthalpy/

kJ mol%u20131

Bond

Average bond enthalpy/

kJ mol%u20131

C%u2013H

+412

C%u2013C

+348

C%u2013O

+360

O%u2013H

+463

O=O

+496

C=O

+743



2.Complete the electronic configuration of a sulfur atom: 1s2.....

Bond

Average bond enthalpy/

kJ mol%u20131

Bond

Average bond enthalpy/

kJ mol%u20131

C%u2013H

+412

C%u2013C

+348

C%u2013O

+360

O%u2013H

+463

O=O

+496

C=O

+743

Explanation / Answer

there is 1 C-C bond, 1 C-O bond,5 C-H bonds and 1 O-H bond.... hence, average enthalpy of ethanol in liquid state(as it is ethanol's standard state)=5*412+360+463+348=3231 KJ/mol

now for O2 in gaseous state, total enthalpy=496 KJ/mol

there are 2 C=O in CO2, hence, enthalpy=1486KJ/mol

similarly, for H2O in liquid state, enthalpy=463*2=926 KJ/mol

now enthalpy change=    (sum_{}^{}coefficient * H_{i, product}-coefficient*H_{i,reactant})   

=-(2*1486+3*926-3231-3*496)=-1031KJ/mol

b)sulphur:1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4