Determine the % ionic character in each of the following chemical bonds. Use che

Question

Determine the % ionic character in each of the following chemical bonds. Use chemical reasoning to explain any trends in the % ionic character that are present. - Cs-CI, Cs-Br, Cs-I. - K-CI, Ca-CI, Ga-CI

Explanation / Answer

a) % of ionic character = [1-exp(-0.25(Xa-Xb)^2) ] x100 , where Xa,Xb are electronegatives of a and b, for Cs-Cl (Xa-Xb)^2 = (0.79-3.16)^2 = 5.617, % ionic character = 100(1-exp(-0.25x5.617)] = 75.45 % , for Cs-Br (Xa-Xb)^2 = (0.79-2.96)^2 = 4.709 , % ionic charcter = 100(1-exp(-0.25x4.709)] = 69.19 % , for Cs-I (Xa-Xb)^2 = (0.79-2.66)^2 = 3.497, % of ionic charcter = 58.3% , b) for KCl (Xa-Xb)^ 2 = ( 0.82-3.16)^2 =5.476 , % ioni character = 74.56 %, Ca-Cl ->(Xa-Xb)^2 = (1-3.16)^2 = 4.666 , % ionic character = 68.85 %, Ga-Cl -> (Xa-Xb)^2 = (1.81-3.16)^2 = 1.8225, % ionic charcter = 36.6 %, for (a) series we observe % of ionic charcter Cs-Cl>Cs-Br>Cs-I , this is due to ionic bond is strong when big cation and small anaion is involved. Anion size order is Cl-Ga-Cl, ( large cations polarise samm anions , thus stronger ionic bond).

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