The prevalence of obesity in order preschool children has decreased dramatically

Question

The prevalence of obesity in order preschool children has decreased dramatically in the past 20 years. Parents should expose preschool children to all types of foods by forcing them to eat large amounts until they got used to the taste and texture of the food. Because of stringent legal restrictions on the amount of lead In paint and gasoline, lead poisoning is no longer a significant danger to children. The two hemispheres of the brain process information differently; therefore, they work and process Information independently of each other. A child seeing his or her mother's car keys and saying "Go to store?" is an example of symbolic thinking. Egocentric thought relates to how children in the preoperational stage intentionally think in a selfish or inconsiderate manner. The information processing perspective emphasis quantitative changes rather than qualitative changes. Conservation is the knowledge that quantity is unrelated to the arrangement and physical appearance of Objects Preschool age boys surpass preschool age girls in games such as jumping jacks and hopscotch because they have superior muscle development. By age 4, most children understand conservation.

Explanation / Answer

1. The prevalence of obesity in older preschool children has decreased dramatically in the past 20 years. False. It has decreased only by about 1%, since 2003. (refer: http://healthland.time.com/2013/08/06/why-obesity-rates-are-falling-among-preschoolers/ , http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html)

2. Parents should expose preschool children to all types of foods by focring them to eat large amounts until they get used to the taste and texture of the food. False. Although preschool children should be repeatedly exposed to all types of foods, they should not be forced to eat large amounts. (refer: https://www.naeyc.org/files/naeyc/Eliassen_0.pdf)

3. Because of stringent legal restrictions on the amount of lead in paint and gasoline, lead poisoning is no longer a significant danger to children. False. Although the restriction on amount of lead has greatly reduced lead exposure, children still get exposed to lead, and contain more than 5 microg per deciliter lead in their blood. (refer: http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/)

4. The two hemispheres of the brain process information differently; therefore they work and process information independently of each other. False. Although the two hemispheres can function differently, and independently, they remain connected by the corpus callosum and they co-ordinate with each other. (refer: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ygWPYur79X4C&pg=PA147&lpg=PA147&dq=left+and+right+brain+function+independently&source=bl&ots=p6_947ns4r&sig=B42fOPdhu2Oyh_yzwr5mj-KYHzw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjPsPX--fPJAhWSj44KHVXCCXUQ6AEIVjAM#v=onepage&q=left%20and%20right%20brain%20function%20independently&f=false ,   http://www.npr.org/sections/13.7/2013/12/02/248089436/the-truth-about-the-left-brain-right-brain-relationship)

5. A child seeing his or her mother's car keys and saying "Go to store?" is an example of symobilc thinking. True. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, a child learns by observation. So the child relates each object with its observed activity, and then thinks about the activity when it sees an object. This is called as symbolic thinking. (refer: http://illinoisearlylearning.org/guidelines/domains/domain4/symbolic.htm , https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaget%27s_theory_of_cognitive_development )

6. Egocentric thought relates to how children in the preoperational stage intentionally think in a selfish or inconsiderate manner. False. Egocentric thought relates to how children think that what they see or hear is same as what others do. It is the inability to distinguish a persons point of view from that of another person. (refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaget%27s_theory_of_cognitive_development )

7. The information processing perspective emphasize quantitative changes rather than qualitative changes. False. Information processing perspective emphasize both quantitative and qualitative changes. Quantitative referes to the increase in information, thus in memory, and qualitative refers to the arrangement, handling, and understanding the information. (refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_processing_theory)

8. Conservation is the knowledge that quantity is unrelated to the arrangement and physical appearance of objects. True. An example can be, that change in the dimension of a liquid (physical appearance), when poured in different sizes of cups, does not change its quantity. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaget%27s_theory_of_cognitive_development)

9. Pre-school age boys surpass pre-school age girls in games such as jumping jacks and hopscotch because they have superior muscle development. False. Such games require body balance and cognitive thinkng, more than physical strength.

10. By age 4, most children understand conservation. False. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children during the preoperational stage (2 - 7 yrs) are not able to understand conservation. It is only in the operational stage (7 - 11 years), they learn the concept of conservation. (refer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piaget%27s_theory_of_cognitive_development)

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