SHORT ESSAY QUESTIONS Explain how and where DNA Replication occurs and how this

Question

SHORT ESSAY QUESTIONS

Explain how and where DNA Replication occurs and how this fits into the cell cycle and the process of mitosis. Include the following processes in your explanation:

1) The purpose/function of the nucleus

2) How DNA Replication occurs

Be sure to discuss ALL the enzymes/proteins that are involved

3) Where DNA Replication occurs

4) The many steps of the cell cycle and how DNA replication is involved

Mention when DNA replication occurs

5) How DNA Replication is involved in Mitosis

Discuss why replication is important before Mitosis

Explanation / Answer

1.Every cell has a important organellae called nucleus which is the prominant organallae of the cell it controls all functions of the cell including the cell division a cell cannot perform its functions without the nuclei.

2.The growth of the organism occurs with the cell division in which the DNA replication has its major role for the cell growth . There is a process of cell cycle which has major two different phases called Interphase and Mitosis Phase. The replication of DNA occurs during the interphase. The DNA replication starts with the unwinding of the DNA starnds and ends with the forming of new DNA by the addition of the new template strands with the complementary DNA proteins.

There are many enzymes involved in the process of replication of DNA in which the main enzyme is DNA polymerase which helps in synthesis of the new DNA . The protiens involved are Adenine, Thyamine, Cystine and Guanine. For the formation of the new DNA molecule first the two strands of the DNA should be unwinded which is possible by the reverse transcriptase enzyme after the strands are unwided the new complimentary strands with complimentary nucleotides are generated by the enzyme DNA Polymerase .

3. The DNA replication occurs inthe genome of the cell.

4. The DNA replication occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle which is called synthesis phase where the DNA is synthesized and doubled.

5. Mitosis is the process of forming of the two daughter cell by cell division but before mitosis the cell goes through the process of cell cycle which involves interphase in which the DNA replication occurs and also there is increase in number of chromosomes.

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