Kinesiology For each of the following identify the class of lever represented; i

Question

Kinesiology

For each of the following identify the class of lever represented; identify fulcrum, effort point and resistance point; and name the kind of movement favored by this type of lever.
a. leg being flexed at knee by the hamstrings
b. leg being extended at knee by quadriceps femoris

c. pelvis being tilted to right by left quadriceps lumborum

d. clavicle being elevated by trapezius I

e. lower extremity being abducted by gluteus medius

f. from supine lying position, lower extremities being raised by hip flexors

g. from supine lying position, trunk being raised by hip flexors

Explanation / Answer

a. Leg being flexed at knee by hamstrings – class 3rd, fulcrum is the knee; effort point is the hamstrings; resistance point is weight of leg; movement favored would be running

Class = 3rd

Fulcrum = knee

Effort point = lateral condyle of tibia and fibular head (insertion of hamstrings)

Resistance point = Center of Gravity (COG) of lower leg

Movement type favored = speed and distance (see table at top of page 351 of textà Force Production or Speed and ROM)

b. Leg being extended at knee by quadriceps femoris – class 3rd, fulcrum is the knee; effort point is the quadriceps; resistance point is weight of leg; movement favored would be kicking a football

c. Pelvis being tilted to right by left quadriceps lumborum – class-III fulcrum is the lumbar spine; effort point is the left quadriceps laborum; resistance point is weight of torso; movement favored would be a studder step or juke move from a running back while running with the football

d. Clavicle being elevated by tapezius I – class-III fulcrum is the shoulder joint; effort point is the trapezius I; resistance point is weight of upper torso; movement favored would be a free throw in basketball

e. Lower extremity being abducted by gluteus medius – class-III fulcrum is the hip joint; effort point is the gluteus medius; resistance point is weight of lower extremity; movement favored would be a side step in ballet

f. From supine laying position, lower extremities being raised by hip flexors – class -II, fulcrum point is hip joints; effort point is hip flexors; resistance point is weight of legs; movement favored would be leg raises while laying on your back

g. From supine laying position, trunk being raised by hip flexors – class-I fulcrum is the hip joints; effort point is hip flexors; resistance point is weight of trunk movement favored.

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