Experiment 5 - Pre Lab The substances or solutions shown in a-h are to be reacte

Question

Experiment 5 - Pre Lab The substances or solutions shown in a-h are to be reacted during the course of this experiment For each: predict chemical formulas for all products, write a balanced chemical reaction (include physical states), and predict what should be observed experimentally (colorless gas evolved, precipitate formed, ammonia smell, etc.). Hint: Refer back to the introductory information. a. Solid smelling salts and aqueous sodium hydroxide (Note: Ammonium hydroxide, NH,OH, does not exist in solution but decomposes to gascous ammonia and water.) Products? Balanced chemical equation? Predicted experimental observations? b. Solid baking soda and aqueous vinegar (acetic acid, HC,H,O, is active component in vinegar) (Note: Carbonic acid, H,CO, does not exist in solution but decomposes to carbon dioxide gas and water.) Products? Balanced chemical equation? Predicted experimental observations? Limestone (CaCO,) and concentrated sulfuric acid c. Products? Balanced chemical equation? Predicted experimental observations? Experiment 5 chemicals in the Home 45

Explanation / Answer

(a)

Products : Na2CO3, NH3 and H2O

Balanced chemical equation:

(NH4)2CO3 (s) + 2 NaOH (aq.) ----------> Na2CO3 (aq.) + 2 NH3 (g) + 2 H2O (l)

Observation: Liberation of pungent smell gas i.e. NH3

(b)

Products : CH3COONa, H2O and CO2

Balanced equation:

NaHCO3 (s) + CH3COOH (aq.) -------------> CH3COONa (aq.) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Observation: Liberation of colourless, odourless gas with quick effervescences that turns lime water to milky and putsoff burning splinter.

(c)

Products: CaSO4, H2O and CO2

Balanced equation:

CaCO3 (s) + H2SO4 (aq.) ------------> CaSO4 (s) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Observation: Liberation of colourless, odourless gas with quick effervescences that turns lime water to milky and putsoff burning splinter.

(d)

Products : HCl and NaHSO4

Balanced equation:

NaCl (s) + H2SO4 (aq.) -----------------> HCl (g) + NaHSO4 (aq.)

Observation:

Colourless gas with pungent smell which gives white dense fumes with the glass rod dipped in NH4OH solution.

(e)

Products : AgCl and NaNO3

NaCl (aq.) + AgNO3 (aq.) ----------> AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq.)

Observation: White curdy precipitate is formed.

(f)

Products : BaSO4 and MgCl2

Balancing equation:

MgSO4.7H2O (aq.) + BaCl2 (aq.) -------------> BaSO4 (s) + MgCl2 (aq.) + 7 H2O (l)

Observation: White precipitate is fomred which is insoluble in concentrated HCl also.

(g)

Products : I2, NaCl and NaOH

Balancing equation:
NaOCl (s) + NaI (aq.) + H2O (l) -------> I2 + NaCl + 2 NaOH

Observation: an orange iodine colour is developed.

(h)

Products : AgI and NaNO3

Balancing equation:

NaI (aq.) + AgNO3 (aq.) ------------> AgI (s) + NaNO3 (aq.)

Observation: An yellow precipitate of AgI which is insoluble in NH4OH solution.

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