Lab Section: 04- Anatomy of an Atom Name: The octet rule determines how many ele

Question

Lab Section: 04- Anatomy of an Atom Name: The octet rule determines how many electrons a neutral atom will lose or gain. The goal is to obtain an electron configuration of a noble gas, there are two possible ways for an atom to do this: 1. a neutral atom will lose electrons to reach zero valence electrons (keep in mind this is still 8 valence electrons because it will now have the electron configuration of the noble gas on the previous row. -or 2. a neutral atom will gain electrons to reach eight electrons, the noble gas electron configuration at the end of the row. , to simplify this concept in lecture you were taught "charge rules" that allow you to quickly upon achieving a stable octet. As final note, remember, determine the charge an element will possess metals lose electrons to become cations AND non-metals gain electrons to become anions. Define the following (your own words, not a dictionary): Cation- Anion - What ion is expected to form from the following elements? (Note: Some elements may not form ions) Fill in the table below. Neutral atom Ion? Neutral atom Ion? Ca example Ca Xe Li

Explanation / Answer

Cation : An ion having positive charge, having more protons than electrons.

Anion :An ion having negative charge, having more electrons than proton.

The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer noble gas configuration i.e. the tenency to have either 2 or 8 electrons in there valnce shell .

Ca Ca2+

N N3-

K K+

F F-

H H+

O O2-

B B3+

C C4+

Fe Fe2+

Xe Xe

P P3-

Li Li+

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