Which of the following statements is true ? Only genes that relate to the sex of
ID: 70568 • Letter: W
Question
Which of the following statements is true?
Only genes that relate to the sex of the individual will be found on the sex chromosomes.
The genetic code is continuous, degenerate and highly conserved.
If an individual is heterozygous for a trait, ¾ of the gametes will have dominant alleles and ¼ will have recessive alleles.
All alleles on homologous and non-homologous chromosomes form a linkage group.
Completing the map of the base sequences of the human genome essentially ends our problems with all human genetic diseases.
Only genes that relate to the sex of the individual will be found on the sex chromosomes.
The genetic code is continuous, degenerate and highly conserved.
If an individual is heterozygous for a trait, ¾ of the gametes will have dominant alleles and ¼ will have recessive alleles.
All alleles on homologous and non-homologous chromosomes form a linkage group.
Completing the map of the base sequences of the human genome essentially ends our problems with all human genetic diseases.
Explanation / Answer
True statements
The genetic code is continuous, degenerate and highly conserved.
Genetic code is continuous and that is the reason why a protein could be transcribed and translated through a sequence of codons and anti-codons. It should also be noted that even though we do have only around 20 amino acids, there are around 64 codons. These 64 codons codes for only 20 amino acids show its degeneracy. Also it is only because of the conservation of the gene that we are still having a stable genetic ambience. A change in the genetic code in every division would lead complete disarray of the genetics of that organism, which ultimately erases it from the ecosystem. This shows that the above statement is true.
All alleles on homologous and non-homologous chromosomes form a linkage group.
An allele is said to be one half of the gene. A gene is thus said to be composed of two alleles. A DNA molecule even if it is transferred to the next generation would be sent in a double stranded format. This shows that all alleles on homozygous and non-homozygous chromosomes form a linkage group, and thus making the statement true.
Completing the map of the base sequences of the human genome essentially ends our problems with all human genetic diseases.
It is almost true. We do tend to understand the genetics of a condition very well and there are greater chances that these conditions be tackled with utmost precision. This shows that the statement mentioned above is true.
False statements
Only genes that relate to the sex of the individual will be found on the sex chromosomes.
Sex chromosomes are those that are said to determine the traits and the sexual characters of a particular person. These chromosomes apart from determining the sexual trait of a person also do harbor the genes that codes for other characters as well. These traits are therefore said to be sex-linked traits. This shows that the above option is false.
If an individual is heterozygous for a trait, ¾ of the gametes will have dominant alleles and ¼ will have recessive alleles.
An allele is one half of a gene that is capable of coding for a particular trait. A gene is said to be harboring two alleles. Both the allele could code for a particular trait in the same dimension or in a different way. For example the allele for color of the seed could be different if there exist a heterozygous condition. Therefore the allele division would be 1/2 each and not as mentioned above. This shows that the above statement is false.
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