How does the cell regulate the initiation of transcription in eukaryotes? Throug

Question

How does the cell regulate the initiation of transcription in eukaryotes? Through basal transcription factors. Through activators and repressors. Through initiation and elongation factors. Through activators and repressors AND through initiation and elongation factors. All of these will regulate the rate of transcription initiation.initiation and elongation factors. Through activators and repressors AND through initiation and elongation factors. All of these will regulate the rate of transcription initiation.

Explanation / Answer

Unlike in prokaryotes, the process of transcription in eukaryotes is very complex. In prokaryotes the RNA polymerase binds itself to DNA sequence and starts the transcription process. In eukaryotes the promoter region is (TATA box) where the RNA polymerase binds the DNA sequence. The TATA box binding proteins and transcription factor IID, transcription factor IIH and other 4 transcription factors are assembled forming pre-initiation complex and then the transcription is initiated with several other activators, repressor, co - activators and co-repressors. Low rate of transcription is initiated by basal transcription factors of pre-initiation complex. High rate of transcription is regulated by associated proteins. The transcription is turned by activators and turned off by repressors according to the cellular needs. Hence, option 2 is correct.

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