A customer asks a bartender for a mix of 125 mL Bacardi 151 (http://ki/Bacardi 1

Question

A customer asks a bartender for a mix of 125 mL Bacardi 151 (http://ki/Bacardi 151, for those of you not familiar) with 50 mL water. The room is at 20 C. The bartender makes the mix, but when the customer checks the volume, it is only 172.7 mL! He complains to the bartender, and the bartender yells back that the guy drank a sip and now was trying to cheat the bar out of the remain 2.3 mL of rum! A bru ha ha is about to ensue en.wikipedia.org/Wi Fortunately, you are in the bar - as usual with your thermo book, your calculator, a pad of paper, and a pencil And you are cool. Assume no other components exist in either the rum or water, other than water and alcohol Did the bartender cheat the customer? From the best we know, % alcohol by volume means the volume of pure

Explanation / Answer

Water when present has hydrogen bonds formed between molecules and in ethanol also there is hydrogen bond present between molecules. Hydrogen bond is formed as the oxygen atom strongly attracts shared electron cloud between hydrogen and oxygen and get del -ve charge similarly hydrogen gets an overall del +ve charge and hence the hydrogen and oxygen of different molecule attract each other and form hydrogen bond. so the formation of hydrogen bond can also take place between different molecules and hence when water and alcohol (ethanol) are mixed there is hydrogen bond formation between them and hence resulting in a compact packing decreasing the overall volume of the mix.

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