c)The standard state, also known as reference state, of an element, is defined a

Question

c)The standard state, also known as reference state, of an element, is defined as its thermodynamically most stable state at 1 bar at a given temperature (typically at 298.15 K). In thermochemistry, an element is defined to have an enthalpy of formation of zero in its standard state. For example, the reference state for carbon is graphite, because the structure of graphite is more stable than that of the other allotropes.

g)The concentration ratio in the reaction, i.e., the ratio of the product of the concentration of the products to that of the reactants at any time (t) is known as the reaction quotient 'Q' of the reaction at a time (t).

The value of Qc or Qp will be different from the value of Kc or Kp if the reaction is not at equilibrium.

Under these conditions,

Explanation / Answer

equi is techemical potential defined? What is the fundamental equation for phase for reaction equilibrium in terms of the chemical potential? rum in terms of the chemical potential? What is the fundamental equation (c) What N ow are standard states defined? How are reference states defined? (d) What is the exact definition of AHc). Write the balanced equation associated with //r.29. (NaHSO. (s)) and draw a picture showing exactly the conditions for this reaction. (e) How are Kp, and Kp defined. Why is Kp introduced? You may want to show this with a specific example. Consider the reaction 2A(g) + 3B(g)-½C(g) Kp 21.8 for the reaction +12B(g) Determine the value of K 2C(g) = 8A(g) (g) What is a reaction quotient? How is it defined? What is its significance?

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