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ALEKS-Leen. Barbara : x Secure https://www-awh.aleks.com/alcksogv/x/islex O ADVANCED MATERIAL Understanding the difference between strong and weak acids The chemical formulae of some acids are listed in the first column of the table below, and in the second column it says whether each acid is strong or weak Complete the table. List the chemical formula of each species present at concentrations greater than about 10 6 mol/L when about a tenth of a mole of the acid is dissolved in a liter of water strong or weak? species present at 1o* mol/L or greater when dissolved in water acid HF weak HCio,weak Hi strong H,P04 weak

Explanation / Answer

Acid

Strong or Weak

Species present at 10-6 mol/L or greater when dissolved in water

HF

Weak

A weak acid is poorly ionized in water; hence, the aqueous solution will largely contain the molecular acid along with some ionized products (ions). The species present in the system are HF, H+ and F-. H+ combines with undissociated water (H2O) molecules via hydrogen bonding and produce hydronium ion, H3O+.

HClO2

Weak

A weak acid is poorly ionized in water; hence, the aqueous solution will largely contain the molecular acid along with some ionized products (ions). The species present in the system are HClO2, H+ and ClO2-. H+ combines with undissociated water (H2O) molecules via hydrogen bonding and produce hydronium ion, H3O+.

HI

Strong

HI is a strong acid. A strong acid is completely ionized into protons and anions. Hence, the system contains only H+ and I- ions. A bare proton cannot exist alone in aqueous solution; hence, it combines with an undissociated H2O molecule to form H3O+.

H3PO4

Weak

A weak acid is poorly ionized in water; hence, the aqueous solution will largely contain the molecular acid along with some ionized products (ions). The species present in the system are H3PO4, H+ and H2PO4-. H+ combines with undissociated water (H2O) molecules via hydrogen bonding and produce hydronium ion, H3O+.

Acid

Strong or Weak

Species present at 10-6 mol/L or greater when dissolved in water

HF

Weak

A weak acid is poorly ionized in water; hence, the aqueous solution will largely contain the molecular acid along with some ionized products (ions). The species present in the system are HF, H+ and F-. H+ combines with undissociated water (H2O) molecules via hydrogen bonding and produce hydronium ion, H3O+.

HClO2

Weak

A weak acid is poorly ionized in water; hence, the aqueous solution will largely contain the molecular acid along with some ionized products (ions). The species present in the system are HClO2, H+ and ClO2-. H+ combines with undissociated water (H2O) molecules via hydrogen bonding and produce hydronium ion, H3O+.

HI

Strong

HI is a strong acid. A strong acid is completely ionized into protons and anions. Hence, the system contains only H+ and I- ions. A bare proton cannot exist alone in aqueous solution; hence, it combines with an undissociated H2O molecule to form H3O+.

H3PO4

Weak

A weak acid is poorly ionized in water; hence, the aqueous solution will largely contain the molecular acid along with some ionized products (ions). The species present in the system are H3PO4, H+ and H2PO4-. H+ combines with undissociated water (H2O) molecules via hydrogen bonding and produce hydronium ion, H3O+.

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