3. Lithium batteries are a result of some bizarre chemistries, which are not nec

Question

3. Lithium batteries are a result of some bizarre chemistries, which are not necessarily taught in freshman chemistry. It may seem undaunting for a new chemist, but with a good basic knowledge of atomic and molecular theory you can start to understand things quickly. Consider the phenomena of Li intercalation of graphite at the anode of a Lithium lon battery, something you should have run across in your review. Intercalation of lithium metal in between the layers of graphite forms a thermodynamically stable compound whose formula is LiC6. At the cathode of a lithium ion battery is another bizarre chemical, typically lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2). The two half cell reactions can be expressed as follows: Ee=-2.84 V Lit__ + e-+ Co02 LiCoO2 Eo= +0.25 V Which of the two reactions will undergo reduction and which one will undergo oxidation when the battery discharges (spontaneous reaction)? (10 pts) A. What is the theoretical voltage that can be produced by this cell at standard conditions? Show your work. (5 pts) B. Use the above mation to write the complete spontaneous redox reaction that combines the C. half cell reactions. (10 pts)

Explanation / Answer

A) anode : the elctrode having lower reduction potentail act as anode.

      = LiC6 -electrode

   at anode oxidation takes place .

the elctrode having Higher reduction potentail act as cathode .

    = LiCoO2-electrode

at cathode reduction takes place.

b) E0cell = E0cathode - E0anode

           = 0.25-(-2.84)

           = 3.09 v

c) cell reaction : LiC6 + CoO2 ----> C6 + LiCoO2

d) DG0 = - nFE0cell

       = - 1*96500*3.09

       = -298.185 kj/mol

   DG0 = -RTlnK

   -298185 = -8.314*298lnK

K = 1.86*10^52

by changing the concentration of ions,voltage of cell increases.

Ecell = E0cell - (0.0591/n)log([C6][LiCoO2]/[LiC6][Coo2])

increasing the concentration of [LiC6][Coo2], increases potential

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