Highest melting point [ Choose ] None of the beakers Beaker 4 (butane) Beaker 2

Question

Highest melting point

      [ Choose ]            None of the beakers            Beaker 4 (butane)            Beaker 2 (ethane)            Beaker 3 (propane)            All of the beakers            Beaker 1 (methane)      

Highest vapor pressure

      [ Choose ]            None of the beakers            Beaker 4 (butane)            Beaker 2 (ethane)            Beaker 3 (propane)            All of the beakers            Beaker 1 (methane)      

Most H-bonding

      [ Choose ]            None of the beakers            Beaker 4 (butane)            Beaker 2 (ethane)            Beaker 3 (propane)            All of the beakers            Beaker 1 (methane)      

Strongest dispersion forces

      [ Choose ]            None of the beakers            Beaker 4 (butane)            Beaker 2 (ethane)            Beaker 3 (propane)            All of the beakers            Beaker 1 (methane)      

Strongest dipole-dipole forces

      [ Choose ]            None of the beakers            Beaker 4 (butane)            Beaker 2 (ethane)            Beaker 3 (propane)            All of the beakers            Beaker 1 (methane)      

Second highest boiling point

      [ Choose ]            None of the beakers            Beaker 4 (butane)            Beaker 2 (ethane)            Beaker 3 (propane)            All of the beakers            Beaker 1 (methane)      

Four beakers the samples below. Please select the correct answer for each of the following statements Beaker 1: A sample of 100 methane molecules Beaker 2: A sample of 100 ethane molecules Beaker 3: A sample of 100 propane molecules Beaker 4: A sample of 100 butane molecules methane CH ethane C2Hs propane butane 10 H-C-C-C-H H-C-C-C-C-H

Explanation / Answer

1. Highest m.p - butane.

Because it has even number of carbon atoms so packing in its solid form is compact, also its a larger molecule when compared to ethane.(ethane also has even number of carbon atoms)

Note: even number of carbon atoms containing alkane has higher melting point than odd number of carbon atoms due to compact packing found in even number carbon atoms alkane.

2. Highest vapour pressure - methane.

Since methane has low boiling point its vapour pressure is high.

3. Most hydrogen bonding - none of them have hydrogen bond.

Since alkanes don't have electro negative elements like O, N, F there is no hydrogen bonding between the molecules.

4. Strogest dispersion force - butane

Alkanes have weak van der waals forces between the molecules which depends upon the number of electrons around the molecule which increases with molecular weight. Hence butane having highest molecular weight has strongest dispersion force

5. Strogest dipole dipole attractions - none,

The type of intermolecular attraction in alkane is only Van der waals dispersion forces. I,e induced dipole - induced dipole. There is no permanent dipole dipole attractions since alkanes are non polar

6. Second highest boiling point - propane

Second molecule having highest molecular weight among the given molecules.

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