Alcohols Water Hexane 1-Octanol- Insoluble - Soluble 1-Butanol - Soluble - Solub

Question

Alcohols             Water          Hexane
1-Octanol-         Insoluble -   Soluble
1-Butanol -         Soluble -   Soluble
Methyl alcohol -    Soluble -     Insoluble

1.) Explain the results for the tests done in water. Inexplaining these results, you should consider the polarities ofalcohols & water.

2.) Explain, in terms of polarities, the results for the tests donein hexane.

1-butanol is soluble in water because it is apolar molecule.

3) What explains the solubility trends that you can deduce from theresults for the tests done
in each solvent?

A. Methyl alcohol is more like water in its structure
B. Each alcohol can form hydrogen bonds with water
C. As the carbon chain of each alcohol becomes longer, the alcoholbecomes more
hydrocarbon-like.
D. They are all equally soluble in hexane.

Explanation / Answer

We Know that :    By observing the above trends it is clearthat solubility of the alcohols in water we can relate thefollowing     Water is a polar solvent and alcoholsare the polar solvent so the compounds which are polar in nature itis soluble       the alcohol has the ability toform the hydrogen-bonding with the solvent so it is soluble in thewater.      It is clear that Methyl alcoholand butanol are soluble in water as they have the ability to formhydrogen bonding with water.     Hexane is a non- polarsolvent and alcohols are the polar solvent so the compoundswhich are non-polar in nature it is soluble       the alcohol which hasgreater carbon chain or non polar nature it is more soluble in nonpolar solvent hexane      It is clear that 1-Octanoland butanol are soluble in hexane as they has greatercarbon content so they are soluble in hexane.        The solubilitytrends that you can deduce from the results for the tests done ineach solvent is :       Each alcohol can form hydrogenbonds with water then it is soluble in water
    As the carbon chain of each alcoholbecomes longer, the alcohol becomes more
      hydrocarbon-like.

      the alcohol which hasgreater carbon chain or non polar nature it is more soluble in nonpolar solvent hexane      It is clear that 1-Octanoland butanol are soluble in hexane as they has greatercarbon content so they are soluble in hexane.        The solubilitytrends that you can deduce from the results for the tests done ineach solvent is :       Each alcohol can form hydrogenbonds with water then it is soluble in water
    As the carbon chain of each alcoholbecomes longer, the alcohol becomes more
      hydrocarbon-like.

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