What is gene annotation? Describe one method for annotating a gene sequence. Wha
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Question
What is gene annotation? Describe one method for annotating a gene sequence. What is positive selection and what are the two methods for detecting it? Describe the relationship between Genomics, Transcriptomics and Proteomics. How do they differ in complexity? a. How are in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry similar? b. How are in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry different? Compare and contrast qPCR and Microarrays. How are they similar and different? Why are both necessary? How does a cloning vector allow us to sequence unknown fragments of DNA?Explanation / Answer
1)
Annotation is the process of describing and identifying important or putative sequences, which allows for the assignment of functions of the genes within the genome. The term Gene annotation refers the addition of raw DNA sequences into DNA database to compare it with other similar sequences to find coding regions of that particular gene. Whereas, the term Genome annotation refers spotting the position of genes and their coding regions within a genome and find out what those genes do.
By gene annotation, one can find:
Gene annotation can be done by automatic and manual methods. The automatic process are done by using computer skills, whereas manual methods done by human skills. The common process of gene annotation is as follows:
2)
Positive selection refers to natural selection by selecting for advantageous traits. For example, a green lizard will be advantageous against predators in green grass environment. Basically, a Simple Primer on codon based methods used for detecting selection.
3)
The totality of DNA in the cell, nucleus or organelles is known as the Genome and it is studied under Genomics. The complete set of genes that undergo transcription to form mRNA, in a given cell is called as a Transcriptome and these are studied under Transcriptomics. The set of proteins encoded in a genome is referred to as Proteome and are studied under Proteomics.
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