17. Explain the function of the electron transport chain and how proton pumps ar

Question

17. Explain the function of the electron transport chain and how proton pumps are involved in generating ATP via chemiosmosis. What would happen if the membrane were not selectively permeable? Would the same amount of ATP be produced? Why or why not?

Where is the ETC located in prokaryotic/eukaryotic cells?

18. Why does fermentation yield much less ATP compared to cellular respiration? What are some possible products of fermentation? What are some foods/beverages that we enjoy as a result of microbial metabolism?

Explanation / Answer

17. Chemiosmosis: It is the movement of ions down their electrochemical gradient across a selective permeable membrane. During the process of ATP generation, the hydrogen ions move across a membrane to generate ATP. The enzyme ATP synthase produce ATP by chemiosmosis in mitochondria. This enzyme phosphorylates ATP (from ADP) by allowing protons to pass through the membrane and uses the resulting kinergy to make ATP.

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