The goal of this paper is to understand how the brain and memory processes are i

Question

The goal of this paper is to understand how the brain and memory processes are intertwined. Read all of the reading resources listed for this week on short-term and long-term memory, and how the various types of memory tie in with the neural mechanisms in the brain. For further readings access the Memory and Brain Mechanisms Paper Suggested Resources In an essay of 1,000-1,250 words, discuss how memories are formed and maintained in the brain through the actions of neural circuitry. Use at least four of the listed resources to address the following questions:

Theoretically, how is working memory similar to and different from long-term memory?

How are memories formed in the brain (using neural circuitry), and how are they maintained?

When is it adaptive to remember, and in what ways may it be adaptive to forget?

Given what we know about brain mechanisms in memory, are our memories accurate? Explain your answer using information on how memories are stored in the brain.

How can knowledge of the brain and memory systems be used to help individuals suffering from memory problems (e.g., poor memory, amnesia, PTSD)?

What role do age and environment play in how memories are formed and maintained?

Explanation / Answer

The storage in short-term memory generally has a strictly limited capacity and duration, which means that information is not retained indefinitely. By contrast, long-term memory can store much larger quantities of information for potentially unlimited duration (sometimes a whole life span). Its capacity is immeasurable. For example, given a random seven-digit number we may remember it for only a few seconds before forgetting, suggesting it was stored in our short-term memory. On the other hand, we can remember telephone numbers for many years through repetition; this information is said to be stored in long-term memory.

short-term memory encodes information acoustically, long-term memory encodes it semantically

From an information processing perspective there are three main stages in the formation and retrieval of memory:

Short-term memory is supported by transient patterns of neuronal communication, dependent on regions of the frontal lobe (especially dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and the parietal lobe. Long-term memory, on the other hand, is maintained by more stable and permanent changes in neural connections widely spread throughout the brain. The hippocampus is essential (for learning new information) to the consolidation of information from short-term to long-term memory, although it does not seem to store information itself. Without the hippocampus, new memories are unable to be stored into long-term memory

Brain areas involved in the neuroanatomy of memory such as the hippocampus, the amygdala, the striatum, or the mammillary bodies are thought to be involved in specific types of memory. For example, the hippocampus is believed to be involved in spatial learning and declarative learning, while the amygdala is thought to be involved in emotional memory.[32] Damage to certain areas in patients and animal models and subsequent memory deficits is a primary source of information

By the help of chunking process and to do list or making a daily planner or using the sensory memory and short term memory one can solve the memory problems

Age and environment both plays a good role as new music systems, videos headphones, dictionary all helps in retrival and to convert the STM to LTM

As once a person or kid goes to school he learns alot of things but as he grown up he forgetts mny of them but due to nobles, videos, google, laptop and other learing devices it is easy to retrive any information and convert it into LTM

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