1. Based on what you know about diffusion, which of the following is the most ac
ID: 64882 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Based on what you know about diffusion, which of the following is the most accurate statement?
A: large molecules are incapable of diffusion
B: smaller molecules diffuse more slowly than large molecules
C: smaller molecules diffuse more quickly than large molecules
D: molecular size does not impact diffusion
2. How is diffusion different from osmosis?
A: osmosis is the reverse of diffusion
B: osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane, diffusion is not limited to water
C: osmosis only works in living organisms, diffusion applies to both living and non-living systems
D: osmosis only refers to the movement within living cells
3. All freshwater living species are more concentrated than their environment. What is the primary stress for these organisms?
A: water is rushing into the body via osmosis
B: water is leaving the body via osmosis
C: they cannot drink the water
D: they produce only a little urine to conserve water and this concentrates waste material in the body
4. The drug ecstasy makes its users thirsty and also shuts down the urination system so water is returned to the body. In some cases, this is fatal. What is happening to these individuals?
A: Dehydration of the individual cells
B: The bladder wall bursts and wastes flow through the body
C: The cells swell due to increased hydration and can no longer function
D: Urea becomes concentrated throughout the body, including the brain and leads to brain damage, coma and death
5. Fertilizers are solutions made up of water, potassium, nitrogen and phosphate. What happens to plant cells if you add too much fertilizer?
A: They swell and burst
B: The salt level becomes toxic to the mitochondria and ATP synthesis is halted
C: The salt level becomes toxic to the chloroplasts and photosynthesis is halted
D: The soil becomes to salty and water leaves the plant via osmosis, causing loss of tonicity, dehydration and eventually death
Explanation / Answer
1)
Diffusion is a physiological process, which involves movement or flow of substance from high to low concentration. The smaller molecules diffuse more quickly than large molecules. Thus, the correct option is (C).
2)
Osmosis is a physiological process in which movement of solvent molecules from the region of lower concentration to the higher concentration through the semi permeable membrane takes place. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane; diffusion is not limited to water. Therefore, the correct answer is option (B).
3)
The freshwater living species experience hypertonicity to their living environment. So, in hypotonic condition water rushes into the organism from outer environment or water is rushing into the body via osmosis. Thus, the correct option is (A).
4)
The ecstasy users feel thirsty, because of hyperthermia. It results production of ADH and it reduces the loss of water through urine. So, Urea becomes concentrated throughout the body, including the brain and leads to brain damage, coma and death. Thus, the correct option is (D).
5)
If you add too much fertilizer to plants, then the soil becomes to salty and water leaves the plant via osmosis, causing loss of tonicity, dehydration and eventually death. Thus, the correct option is (D).
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