1. A hamster gamete cell has 22 chromosomes. How many DNA strands will be found

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Question

1. A hamster gamete cell has 22 chromosomes. How many DNA strands will be found in the nuclei of its skin cells in G2 phase?

2. Which of the following occurs during Metaphase I of meiotic cell division?

Homologous chromosomes separate

The nuclear envelope of each daughter cell re-assembles

Pairs of homologous chromosomes line up at the center of the cell

Sister chromatids separate

3. A gene for hair color (brown vs. blond) and a gene for finger length (long vs. short) are found on two different chromosomes. If a mother is homozygous for blond hair color and homozygous for short finger length, what is the probability that she passes along the preference for her son to have blond hair and short fingers?

100%

25%

5’- TAGTCTACAG -3’

3’- ATCAGATGTC -5’

If a replication fork is moving from LEFT TO RIGHT along this DNA structure, what is the sequence of the lagging daughter strand that will be synthesized? Assume that only one Okazaki fragment is made in this region of the genome.

5’-ATCAGATGTC

3’-ATCAGATGTC

3’-TAGTCTACAG

Explanation / Answer

G2 (growth) phase is the third phase in a cell cycle that would be preceded by the G1 and S (synthesis) phase. It is during the synthesis phase that the replication of the genome would be completed. It is in the G2 phase of the cell cycle that the cell actually ensures the complete and clear duplication of the genetic material. Hence, at the end of the G2 phase the number of chromosomes would be doubled in the cells. This shows that option (A) 44, is the right answer.

During the metaphase I of meiosis the homologous chromosomes moves to the metaphase plate. This is done mainly through the action of the microtubules attached to the kinetochores. It is during this phase that the actual crossing over between the sister chromatids happens. It is only after the crossing over takes place, the anaphase occurs (where the sister chromatids would be pulled apart from each other).

Hence, the right option is (C) Pairs of homologous chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.

Let the gene that codes for blonde and brown hair be B, and b respectively. Similarly, let us consider the gene coding for the long and short finger length be L and l respectively.

Let us consider that both the father and mother are homozygous to blonde hair color and short fingers.

BBll X BBll

BBll

Thus it could be ascertained that there is a 100% chance that the mother is capable of transferring the genetic trait to her son.

Hence, the right option is (A) 100%.

Considering the fact that the replication fork runs from the left to right and DNA polymerase acts by adding new nucleotides in the 5'-3' direction, Okazaki fragments are said to be formed 5' to the 3' direction complementary to the lagging strand (3' - 5' given in the picture) 5’- TAGTCTACAG. The Okazaki fragment formed would be 3'-ATCAGATGTC.

Hence, the right option for lagging strand is (A) 5’-ATCAGATGTC

BBll

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1. A hamster gamete cell has 22 chromosomes. How many DNA strands will be found

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