If seeds are dormant, the dormancy has to be broken before the seed can germinat

Question

If seeds are dormant, the dormancy has to be broken before the seed can germinate. Which of the following is most likely to break seed dormancy?

soaking the seed in an acid, which can only be metabolized by the removal of water from the seed coat

nicking or damaging the seed coat to allow water to penetrate the seed, thus hydrating cells inside the seed

passing through a mammal gut, and during the passage accumulating the hormone ABA inside seeds

soaking the seed in an acid, which can only be metabolized by the removal of water from the seed coat

nicking or damaging the seed coat to allow water to penetrate the seed, thus hydrating cells inside the seed

passing through a mammal gut, and during the passage accumulating the hormone ABA inside seeds

wrapping the seed in a waterproof fruit coat to enable the dehydration of cells inside seeds

Explanation / Answer

Breaking of seed dormancy:

soaking the seed in an acid, which can only be metabolized by the removal of water from the seed coat

nicking or damaging the seed coat to allow water to penetrate the seed, thus hydrating cells inside the seed.

Abscisicic acid induces dormancy but cannot break dormancy.

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