Help about Q4 and please down for explain. Thanks General guideline for water so

Question

Help about Q4 and please down for explain. Thanks

General guideline for water solubility states: that a compound with six or less carbons is water soluble. that any organic compound with a polar group will be water soluble. that an organic molecule with five or fewer carbon atoms for every functional group that can hydrogen bond is soluble in water that an organic molecule with five or fewer carbon atoms per any polar functional group will be water soluble. Explain why benzoic acid is not soluble in water yet sodium benzoate is. (You are given the structure of each to help you with the explanation.) What can be used to remove an acid compound from an organic layer and cause it to be soluble in the aqueous layer?

Explanation / Answer

the electron density on C=O is in resonance with the benzene ring, in case of benzoic acid. thus hydrogen bonding is effective.

In case of sodium benzoate C=O is in resonance with the -ve charge present on another O. thus the -ve charge density remains localized on the two oxygens and they get hydrated easily.

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