Multiple Choice An example of a nonspecific chemical barrier to infection is (1p

Question

Multiple Choice

An example of a nonspecific chemical barrier to infection is (1pt)

a-Unbroken skin

b-Lysozyme in saliva

c-Cilia in respiratory tract

d-All of these

Host defenses include both innate, nonspecific components and acquired specific components. Which of the following is/are exclusive to the acquired, specific defenses? (Circle all that apply if more than one) (1pt)

a-Leukocytes

b-Antimicrobial proteins

c-Inflammation

d-Fever

e-Lymphocytes

What is included in GALT? (1pt)

a-Thymus

b-Peyer’s patches

c-Tonsils

d-Breast lymph nodes

Which of the following is a specialized tissue cell similar to basophils that triggers local inflammatory reactions and is responsible for many allergic symptoms? (1pt)

a-Mast cell

b-Macrophage

c-cell

d-killer cell

e-Neutrophil

An example of an exogenous pyrogen is (1pt)

a-Interleukin-1

b-Complement

c-Interferon

d-Endotoxin

Which of the following components has a role in the third line of defense as well as in the second line of defense? (1pt)

a-Fever

b-Complement

c-Lysosome

d-All of the above

Which of the following substances is/are not produced by phagocytes to destroy engulfed microorganisms? (Circle all that apply if more than one) (1pt)

a-Hydroxyl radicals

b-Superoxide dismutase

c-Hydrogen peroxide

d-Bradykinin

Which of the following is the end product of the complement system? (1pt)

a-Properdin

b-Cascade reaction

c-Membrane attack complex

d-Complement factor C9

Short Answer

1-What constitutes the first line of defense? What factors are involved? (1pt)

2-What constitutes the second line of defense? What factors are involved? (1pt)

Explanation / Answer

1. Lysosome in saliva- It is a non specific chemical barrier which breaks the bacterial cell wall

2. Lymphocytes - They are specific for acquired immunity because they produce antibodies against specific antigen

3. Peyer’s patches - It is gut associated lymphod tissue (GALT) found in lower intestine

4. Mast cell - It is very similar to basophil and secretes histamine,heparin and other chemicals involved in inflammation.

5. Endotoxin - It is secreted out hence exogenous

6. All the above - fever, complement and lysosomes all are involved in both second and third line defense

7. Bradykinin - It is not produced by phagocytes.

8. Membrane attack complex is the end product of complement system

9. First line defense is non specific immune response - It aims to prevent entry of microorganism into the body which includes physical barrier skin, non specific chemicals lysozymes etc

10 Second line defense is also non specific - It kills any type of microbe with its phagocytosis or psuedophodia to engulf the microbe.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse M
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.