Outline the events that occur when F + cell comes in contact with a F - cell Dis
ID: 60955 • Letter: O
Question
Outline the events that occur when F+ cell comes in contact with a F- cell
Distinguish F-, Hfr, F’ cells.
Explain how Hfr cells arise
Outline the events that occur when Hfr cell encounters F- cell
Describe transformation
Differentiate generalized and specialized transduction
Distinguish conjugation, transduction, transformation
Modes of action of antibiotics:
Penicillin
Sulfanilamide
Chloramphenicol
Common reasons for increased drug resistance
How do bacteria protect themselves from antibiotics
How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics
Define:
Genetic recombination
Vertical gene transfer
Horizontal gene transfer
Plasmid
phage
Explanation / Answer
1. When F+ cell (donor) containing a plasmid comes in a contact with F- cell (recipient) without plasmid, The conjugation tube is formed. Then the plasmid replicates and donates a copy to F- cell. the plasmid is transferred via conjugation tube from F+ cell to F- cell. Thus, F+ cell dontaes the plasmid to recipient and the F- cell also becomes F+ cell.
2. F- cell : A bacterial cell without fertility factor or F plasmid.
Hfr cell: It is high frequency recombinant cell in which entire F plasmid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome.
F` cell: It is a bacterial cell containing part of Hfr chromosome inserted into the cell's chromosome.
3. Hfr cells are produced when the plasmid and bacterial chromosome undergo homologous recombination resulting in incorporation of entire plasmid into the host chromosome.
4. When Hfr cell (donor) containing a plasmid within DNA comes in a contact with F- cell (recipient) without plasmid, The conjugation tube is formed. Then the part of DNA along with plasmid replicates and donates a copy to F- cell. the DNA is transferred via conjugation tube from Hfr cell to F- cell. Thus, Hfr cell dontaes the DNA with plasmid to recipient and the F- cell becomes F` cell.
5. Transformation is a process of uptake of naked DNA by a cell. This technique is widely used in genetic engineering experiments.
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