Which of the following blood components would interfere with functioning of an o

Question

Which of the following blood components would interfere with functioning of an open circulatory system but NOT a closed one? A) Water B) Antibodies C) Amino Acids D) Red Blood Cells E) Electrolytes A toxin that specifically blocks active transport in the loop of henle might result in :
A) A decrease in the filtrate concentration ability of the kidney. B) An increase in the amount of interstitial urea to maintain interstitial osmolarity. C) A decrease in the volume of hypertonic urine produced by the kidney D) A decrease in the interstitial concentration of NaCl E) All of the above are possibilities.
Which of the following blood components would interfere with functioning of an open circulatory system but NOT a closed one? A) Water B) Antibodies C) Amino Acids D) Red Blood Cells E) Electrolytes A toxin that specifically blocks active transport in the loop of henle might result in :
A) A decrease in the filtrate concentration ability of the kidney. B) An increase in the amount of interstitial urea to maintain interstitial osmolarity. C) A decrease in the volume of hypertonic urine produced by the kidney D) A decrease in the interstitial concentration of NaCl E) All of the above are possibilities.

Explanation / Answer

2.The answer is D. All are possibilities. The loop of Henle is permeable to water which reduces the volume of water in the filtrate.It is also permeable to NaCl which raises osmotic concentration of interstital fluids of the medulla. Due to these reasons, if a toxin blocks active transport in the loop of Henle, NaCl concentration in the interstitial fluids does not rise. The water in the filtrate is not removed which reduces the hypertonic volume of urine. Due to the absence of NaCl urea concetration rises to maintain osmolarity of interstitial fluids.

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