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1. What cells of the gastric glands, found within the stomach, secrete mucous, h

ID: 59438 • Letter: 1

Question

1. What cells of the gastric glands, found within the stomach, secrete mucous, hydrochloric acid, and pepsinogen, histamine, and gastrin? How do each of these products function in digestion? What are two common methods to treat GERD?

2. How does the small intestine protect itself against pathogenic bacteria that may be ingested? What do you consider to be the most important structures and related processes within the small intestine that facilitate breakdown and absorption of food particles?

3. Give two examples of how do the enteric and autonomic nervous systems regulate digestion.

*Please give a few sentences for each answer.

Explanation / Answer

What cells of the gastric glands, found within the stomach, secrete mucous, hydrochloric acid, and pepsinogen, histamine, and gastrin? How do each of these products function in digestion?

Cells

Function/secretion

Region/site/location

Stomach

Foveloar cells

Secrete mucus gel layer

Fundic, cardiac, pyloric regions of stomach

Parietal cells

Secrete gastric acid and intrinsic factors

Fundic region of stomach

Chief cells

Secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase

Fundic region of stomach

Enteroendocrine cells

Secrete hormones like gastrin, histamine, serotonin, somatostatin

Fundic, cardiac, pyloric regions of stomach

Hydrochloric acid

Parietal cells

secrete gastric acid like HCl

Stomach fundus

Muscous

Mucous cells

Secrete mucus that is rich in glycoproteins

lining of organ systems.

Gastrin

Parietal cells

Secrete gastric acid and intrinsic factors

Fundic region of stomach

Pepsinogen

Chief cells

Secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase

Fundic region of stomach

Histamine

Basophils and mast cells

Involved in immune responses

Gut

What are two common methods to treat GERD?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is medical condition, in which content in the stomach returns to esophagus giving acid burn feeling.

The two common methods to treat GERD is:

Taking antacid medicines every day for years.

Undergoing surgery to strengthen the barrier between the stomach and esophagus.

Cells

Function/secretion

Region/site/location

Stomach

Foveloar cells

Secrete mucus gel layer

Fundic, cardiac, pyloric regions of stomach

Parietal cells

Secrete gastric acid and intrinsic factors

Fundic region of stomach

Chief cells

Secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase

Fundic region of stomach

Enteroendocrine cells

Secrete hormones like gastrin, histamine, serotonin, somatostatin

Fundic, cardiac, pyloric regions of stomach

Hydrochloric acid

Parietal cells

secrete gastric acid like HCl

Stomach fundus

Muscous

Mucous cells

Secrete mucus that is rich in glycoproteins

lining of organ systems.

Gastrin

Parietal cells

Secrete gastric acid and intrinsic factors

Fundic region of stomach

Pepsinogen

Chief cells

Secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase

Fundic region of stomach

Histamine

Basophils and mast cells

Involved in immune responses

Gut