Separation of a Mixture Introduction This experiment illustrates the use of phys

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Separation of a Mixture Introduction This experiment illustrates the use of physical properties of materials to separate a mixture of two solids. The mixture to be separated contains NaCI (sodium chloride) and SiO: (silicon xide or sand). NaCI is soluble in water but SiO is insoluble in water This difference in solubility is the basis of the separation Is the and silicon dioxide heterogencous? How can you tel? Even though one may not able to discern the different particles in the mixture with naked eyes, one can easily observe the different types of particles using a light microscope or a good magnifying glass. Since you can tell particles apart in the mixture, the mixture is hetcrosencous One can is obviously not an effective way to separate sodium even separate these particles by hand. This is obviously not an effective way to separate sodium chloride from silicon dioxide. A better way to separate sodium chloride from silicon dioxide is to make use the differense in water solubility. Water can be added to the mixture to form another heterogencous mixture since sodium chloride dissolve in water and silicon dioxide does not. The sodium chlornde-water solution can be separated from silicon dioxide by de especially with substances with very ditlerent densities andor particle sizes. For example, separating water trom pebbles For a heterogencous mixture, the mixture is often separated into Jayers, according to its densitics Decanting is the gradual pouring of the upper (less dense) liquid layer of a heterogencouES mixturewithoutdisturbing thelower (denser) layer whichcant ea lquidor solidIf the bottom layer is a solid, it is often called sediment. However, decantation is limited by how well the two Decantation is an effective way to separate a heterogencous mixture, components are separated. Filtration is another common laboratory techniques to separate a liquid froma.solid. Filter paper is a special grade of paper, in which there are small holes which allow passage of liquid but not solid particles. There are different grades of filter papers with different fineness of the openings in the paper. The material which passes the filter paper is called the filtrate. Without a proper choice of filter paper, one can separate a liquid from a solid effectively Materials and Equipment sample of a mixture (NaCl + SiO) 25 mL graduated cylinder 2 evaporating dishes (small and large)2 watch glasses filter paper ring stand and iron ring funnel electronic balance deionized water stirring rod disposable pipette clay triangle hot plate

Explanation / Answer

The physical changes in the process of separation of the two compounds are:

1. Initially the mixture of NaCl salt and silica is a heterogenous mixture. We can see the different colors of both the compounds mixed with each other.

2. When water is added to them, initially both the compounds will settle and with time the salt will start disappearing the the solution, as it is being dissolved.

3. The silica will start settling and the solution will start becoming more clear. The salt will completely dissolve in water with time.

4. After filtration or decantation, we will get a clear solution without the silica particles, as they remain in the filter paper and we get salt in water.

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