lonic bonds are electrostatic forces between cations and anions. Ionic bonds are

Question

lonic bonds are electrostatic forces between cations and anions. Ionic bonds are very strong Most of the chemicals you have used in lab are ionic crystalline solids that were dissolved in water to form aqueous solutions. During the lab practicum heating will not affect most of the unknowns because the lattice energy is very high, and therefore, the melting point is higher than the temperature of the Bunsen burner. A few of the unknowns did melt and a few may even decompose before melting. The formula for lattice energy is: 1) Cirele Z and Z and r in the equation to the left. U= For this class the important variables to understand are charge (Z and Z) and average radius (r). The general rule for crystalline structures with ionic bonds is that small ions with large charges have higher lattice energy Attraction increases as charge increases greater lattice energy +2 -2 Attraction increases as radius decreases = greater lattice energy +1 +2 -2 Predict the order of increasing boiling point and the corresponding melting point. Sodium chloride, potassium iodide, sodium oxide, potassium chloride, ammonium iodide, calcium oxide, potassium bromide, magnesium oxide, sodium fluoride (Write formulas below, not names.) Melting point C) Formula Melting point CC Formula 551 681 734 770 801 993 1,132 2,572 2,852 Crystalline Solids, Lattice Energy, Melting Point

Explanation / Answer

The grater the size difference between the two ions foming the salt, higher the ionic character and higher the melting point.

Formula Melting Point (0C) NH4I 551 KI 681 KCl 734 KBr 770 NaCl 801 NaF 993 Na2O 1132 CaO 2572 MgO 2852

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