What happens at the active site of an enzyme? On the basis of the active site, e

Question

What happens at the active site of an enzyme? On the basis of the active site, explain why the following conditions speed a chemical reaction: Name three other conditions (other than the ones mentioned in question Explain the necessity for each of the three conditions you listed in question Lipase is a digestive enzyme that droplets when the pH is basic due to the presence of NaHCO_3 which of the following test tubes would show digestion following incubation a 37 degree C? Explain why this one and the others would not show digestion.

Explanation / Answer

1. The active site is the place where the substrate binds and at which catalysis occur . they are two types how a substrate binds to the enzyme , Lock and Key model , where enzyme and substrate have the complementary shapes ,it is meant to illustrate that enzyme and substrate are in close interactions it will bind only to the substrate in the active site not on the other sites .Induced fit Theory ; the shape of the active site of the unbound enzyme is exact complement of shape of the substrate ,after binding to the substrate intitated the conformational change which results in the shape of the new active site that is complementary to the shape of the substrate .

2. Increase in the enzyme concentration increases the rate of the reaction as more enzymes will be colliding with the substrate . Increase in the substrate also increases the rate of the reaction as more substrate will be colliding with the enzyme more product is formed .

3. Temperature , pH , presence of inhibhitors .

4. Effect of temperature ; increase in the temperature increases the rate of the reaction where substrate molecules collide but more increas ein the temperature also breaks the bond especially weaker ionic and hydrogen bonds . breaking in the bbond changes the active site shape ,this makes it to less complementary to the shape of substrate ,more enzymes will be denatured .Maximum rate of reactions occur at the optimum temperature.

Effect of the pH ; pH measures the acidity and basicity of the enzyme ,it is a measure of the H ion concentrations ,the enzymes act best at the optimum pH .extereme high pH and low pH causes the loss of the activity of the enzyme .

Effect of inhibhitors ; inhibhitors are the molecules which alter the catalytic activity of the enzyme ,consequence the rate of the reaction decreases .there are several types of inhibhition competitive ,uncompetitive , non competive ,substrate inhibhiton .

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