1. In Engelmann\'s classic experiment, why were the oxygen-requiring bacteria cl

Question

1. In Engelmann's classic experiment, why were the oxygen-requiring bacteria clustered around the regions of Spirogyra algae that were bathed in red, blue, and violet light?
a.Chlorophyll is green and thus reflects green light.
b.The bacteria were immobile and that is where Engelmann happened to place them.
c.Photosynthesis is most active in those wavelengths of light and thus more oxygen is consumed by the algae in those regions.
d.Photosynthesis is most active in those wavelengths of light and thus more oxygen is produced by the algae in those regions.
e.The most energy-rich wavelengths of light are found at the edges of visible and nonvisible light (ultra violet and infrared).
2. Choose the most correct statement about the two phases of photosynthesis.
a.The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytosol; the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma.
b.The products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and sugar.
c.The light-dependent reactions occur during the daylight hours; the light-independent reactions occur when it is dark.
d.The light-dependent reactions produce water as a by-product; the light-independent reactions produce carbon dioxide as a waste product.
e.The products of the light-dependent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and sugar.
3. What absorbs the photons of light in photosynthesis?
a.carotenoids
b.chlorophyll
c.chlorophyll and carotenoids
d.the thylakoid membrane
e.inner membrane of the chloroplast
4. The molecule of chlorophyll a in photosystem II's reaction center is known as P680 because
a.it absorbs 680 photons per minute.
b.it absorbs photons with a wavelength of 680 nm.
c.there are exactly 680 accessory pigments in the photosystem.
d.it will generate 680 molecules of ATP per photon absorbed.
e.there are 680 electrons that can be energized by light.
5. In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, an excited electron from photosystem II is passed along an electron transport chain to ___________.
a.NAD+
b.NADH
c.photosystem I
d.oxygen
e.water
6. The chemical structure of chlorophyll is based on a complex organic ring structure, a long hydrophobic side chain and an atom of _________ in the center of the ring.
a.carbon
b.manganese
c.magnesium
d.iron
e.nitrogen
7. The primary purpose of the light-dependent reactions is to
a.provide electrons and energy for the light-independent reactions.
b.generate O2 gas.
c.make ADP in cyclic photophosphorylation.
d.transfer electrons to the primary electron acceptors.
e.produce sugars such as glucose.
8. Where do the electrons from NADPH go in the Calvin cycle?
a.They are put onto oxygen, just like in cellular respiration.
b.They are used to regenerate RuBP from G3P
c.They are added to 3PGA.
d.They are transferred to rubisco.
e.They remain on NADPH to help drive the light reactions
9. Where does the Calvin cycle occur?
a.thylakoid membrane
b.thylakoid lumen
c.stromal lamellae
d.cytosol
e.stroma
10. Which molecule associated with photorespiration is toxic to plant cells?
a.3PGA
b.G3P
c.phosphoglycolate
d.glycolate
e.rubisco
11. Why is photorespiration more likely in warm weather?
a.Plants require warm weather (at least 23C) to drive photosynthesis.
b.Plants are more likely to close their stomata in the daytime heat than at night when it is cool.
c.Plants are more likely to dehydrate in warm weather, forcing them to close the stomata to conserve water; this prevents CO2 from entering the leaf.
d.The rubisco enzyme is very temperature sensitive and becomes less selective in warmer temperatures, allowing it to fix O2 instead of CO2.
e.Plants use up the water in their central vacuoles in warm weather inhibiting the water-requiring light reactions; this in turn alters the activity of rubisco.
12. During which of the following time periods does a C4 plant use rubisco?
a.daylight only
b.in darkness only
c.noon to midnight
d.midnight to noon
e.all 24 hours of a standard calendar day
13. Which products of the light reactions are used in the Calvin cycle?
a.ADP and NADP+
b.Water, O2, ATP.
c.CO2 and RuBP
d.electrons and photons
e.ATP and NADPH
14. C3 plants are more susceptible to photorespiration than either C4 or CAM plants, so why do most plants lack the C4 pathway?
a.Rubisco is more efficient in C3 plants when compared to rubisco C4 and CAM plants.
b.Photorespiration is not a serious problem for most plants.
c.Most plant species do not have vacuoles in their cells to store the malate generated from CO2 taken in during the night.
d.There is an energetic cost to C4 and CAM pathways that only makes them advantageous in very hot and/or arid environments.
e.Switching between C3, C4, and CAM photosynthesis is very difficult for most plants.

Other
For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate process.
a.light-dependent reactions only
b.Calvin cycle only
c.light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle both
d.neither the light-dependent reactions nor the Calvin cycle

1. produces O2 _____________
2. consumes NADPH ________
3. creates a proton gradient ________
4. requires ATP ________
5. produces ADP ________
6. requires G3P to continue ________
7. produces ATP ________
8. consumes O2 ________
9. requires water ________
10. produces NADP+ ________
11. requires glucose ________
12. requires Rubisco ________
13. occurs during the daytime ________

Speak the language – Define the following terms in your own words.
1) Absorption spectrum
2) Action spectrum
3) Autotroph
4) C3 pathway
5) C4 pathway
6) Calvin cycle
7) CAM pathway
8) Carbon fixation
9) Carotenoids
10) Chlorophyll
11) Electromagnetic spectrum
12) G3P
13) Grana
14) Light-dependent reactions
15) Light-independent reactions
16) Photoautotroph
17) Photophosphorylation
18) Photorespiration
19) Photosystem I
20) Photosystem II
21) Rubisco
22) Stroma
23) Thylakoids

Explanation / Answer

1-d

2-b Equation = 2H2O + 2NADP+ + 3ADP + 3Pi +light 2NADPH + 2H+ + 3ATP + O2

3-c carotenoid absorbs photons at 400-550 nm (violet to green)

4-b

5-c

6-b

7-a - The equation = 3CO2 + 9ATP + 6NADPH + 6H+ C3H6O3-phosphate + 9ADP + 8Pi + 6NADP+ + 3H2O

8-c

9-e

10-d

11-c

12-b

13-e

14-d

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