3.15. For the following statements, choose the word or words inside the parenthe

Question

3.15. For the following statements, choose the word or words inside the parentheses that serve(s) to make a correct statement. More than one answer may be correct. At 100°C, the equilibrium vapor pressure of water is 1 atm. Consider the process where 1 mol of water vapor at latm pressure is reversibly condensed to liquid water at 100°'C by slowly removing heat into the surroundings. (a) In this process, the entropy of the system will (increase, remain unchanged, decrease). (b) The entropy of the universe will (increase, remain unchanged, decrease). (c) Since the condensation process occurs at constant temperature and pressure, the accompanying free-energy change for the system will be (positive, zero, negative) (d) In practice, this process cannot be carried out reversibly. For the real process, compared with the ideal reversible one, different values will be observed for the (entropy change of the system, entropy change of the surroundings, entropy change of the universe, free- energy change of the system). At a lower temperature of 90°C, the equilibrium vapor pressure of water is only 0.692 atm If 1 mol of water is condensed reversibly at this temperature and pressure, the entropy of the system will (increase, remain unchanged, decrease). (e) () The entropy of the universe will (increase, remain unchanged, decrease), (2) The free energy of the system will (increase, remain unchanged, decrease). (h) Since the molar heat capacity of water vapor is only about one-half that of the liquid, the entropy change upon condensation at 90°C will be (more negative than, the same as, more positive than) that at 100°C.

Explanation / Answer

(a) entropy of system will decrease as the heat is removed from the system.

(b) As te process is reversible, no losses are there, hence entropy of universe will remain unchanged.

(c) In this process gibbs energy change will be positive.

(d) entropy change of universe will be positive and entropy change of system will also be different as losses are there. Same will be for entropy of surrounding

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