en energy of two Cl a as a function of the distance between them. (a) two ( ener
ID: 576038 • Letter: E
Question
en energy of two Cl a as a function of the distance between them. (a) two ( energy of zero correspond in this diagra(b) AO what do valence-bond model, why does the energy decráa oms move from a large separation to a smaller the significance of the Cl- Cl distance at the f() W in the plot? (d) Why does the energy rise at in less than that at the minimum point in the plot? (eH 9.5 The following plot shows the potential According to the does the energy decrease as the er one? (c) Wht -CI dis estimate the bond strength of the CI- Ci bond fo rom the plot Section 9.4] CI-CI distance-Explanation / Answer
a)
Zero energy corresponds to zero potential energy of the system. The work done from bringing the atoms from infinity to that distance = 0. In other words, the work done by attractive force = work done by repulsive force.
b)
At internuclear distances in the order of an atomic diameter, attractive forces dominate. It is in this zone that the potential energy of the system decreases.
c)
The internuclear distance at which the energy minimum occurs defines the equilibrium bond length. At this equilibrium separation, the two atoms vibrate about this distance.
d)
The energy rises because the repulsive force between the atoms due to positively charged nucleus starts playing a role.
e)
Bond energy directly indicates the strength of a bond. The bond energy is the amount of work that must be done to pull two atoms completely apart.
At distances below zero bond energy, energy is required to break bonds.
At distances above zero bond energy, energy is released when the bond breaks.
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